Pengaruh Digital Payment dan Kualitas Institusi terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Negara G20

Abstract

Perkembangan digital payment secara global menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang sangat pesat dalam satu dekade terakhir. Pembayaran digital dapat meningkatkan transaksi sehingga dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Efektivitas perkembangan sistem pembayaran digital dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi juga dipengaruhi oleh kualitas institusi. Tingkat adopsi digital payment berbeda antara negara maju dan berkembang. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh digital payment dan kualitas institusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara G20. Metode analisis yang digunakan analisis deskriptif dan regresi data panel dengan sampel 18 negara G20 selama periode 2013–2024. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan negara maju memiliki tingkat adopsi digital payment dan kualitas institusi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan negara berkembang. Hasil regresi menunjukkan digital payment dan kualitas institusi berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara G20 dengan dampak digital payment lebih tinggi di negara maju, serta kualitas institusi dapat memoderasi pengaruh digital payment terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.

The development of digital payments has experienced rapid growth worldwide over the past decade. Digital payments can increase transaction activities, thereby promoting economic growth. The effectiveness of digital payment systems in fostering economic growth is also influenced by institutional quality. The level of digital payment adoption differs between developed and developing countries. This study examines the effect of digital payments and institutional quality on economic growth in G20 countries. The study employs descriptive analysis and panel data regression using a sample of 18 G20 countries over the period 2013 2024. The descriptive analysis indicates that developed countries exhibit higher levels of digital payment adoption and institutional quality than developing countries. The regression results reveal that digital payments and institutional quality have a positive effect on economic growth in G20 countries, with the impact of digital payments being greater in developed countries. Furthermore, institutional quality moderates the relationship between digital payments and economic growth.