Keanekaragaman Collembola di Tipe Penggunaan Lahan Berbeda di Area Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Collembola merupakan mikroarthropoda tanah yang berkontribusi dalam proses dekomposisi dan siklus hara melalui percepatan degradasi. Perbedaan tipe penggunaan lahan diduga memengaruhi struktur komunitas Collembola melalui perubahan kondisi habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan keanekaragaman Collembola pada tiga tipe penggunaan lahan di kawasan IPB Dramaga, Bogor, yaitu Kebun Kelapa Sawit Cikabayan, Taman Hutan Kampus, dan SADIFA Teaching Farm. Pengambilan sampel Collembola dilakukan pada November 2025 hingga Februari 2026 menggunakan metode pitfall trap yang dipasang dalam pola grid. Sampel Collembola diidentifikasi hingga tingkat genus. Analisis data meliputi indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, kemerataan, dominansi Simpson, kekayaan jenis Margalef, Chao1, korelasi Spearman, dan Principal Components Analysis. Sebanyak 110 individu yang terdiri atas 5 famili dan 21 genus berhasil dikoleksi. Taman Hutan Kampus memiliki keanekaragaman (H’= 2,55), kekayaan genus (18 genus), dan kelimpahan (83 individu) Collembola tertinggi, sedangkan Kebun Kelapa Sawit menunjukkan nilai terendah (H’= 1,52, genus, 110 individu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan keanekaragaman Collembola pada ketiga tipe penggunaan lahan, yang mana Taman Hutan Kampus memiliki nilai keanekaragaman, kekayaan genus, dan kelimpahan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan SADIFA Teaching Farm dan Kebun Kelapa Sawit Cikabayan.

Collembola are soil microarthropods that contribute to the decomposition process and nutrient cycling by accelerating degradation. Differences in land use types are thought to influence the structure of Collembola communities through changes in habitat conditions. This study aims to compare Collembola diversity in three land use types in the IPB Dramaga area, Bogor, namely the Cikabayan Oil Palm Plantation, Campus Forest Park, and SADIFA Teaching Farm. Collembola sampling was conducted from November 2025 to February 2026 using the pitfall trap method installed in a grid pattern. Collembola samples were identified to the genus level. Data analysis included the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness, Simpson dominance, Margalef species richness, Chao1, Spearman correlation, and Principal Components Analysis. A total of 110 individuals consisting of 5 families and 21 genera were successfully collected. The Campus Forest Park has the highest diversity (H’= 2.55), genus richness (18 genera), and abundance (83 individuals) of Collembola, while the Oil Palm Plantation shows the lowest value (H’= 1.52, genus, 110 individuals). The results of the study indicate differences in Collembola diversity across the three land use types, where the Campus Forest Park has the highest diversity, genus richness, and abundance compared to the SADIFA Teaching Farm and the Cikabayan Oil Palm Plantation.