| dc.contributor.advisor | Taryono | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Kurniawan, Fery | |
| dc.contributor.author | Hidayat, Filialdi Nur | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-06T04:51:17Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-06T04:51:17Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177379 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The rise in global demand for tin has driven the expansion of mining activities from the mainland into coastal waters, including the north-eastern coastal waters of Bangka Island, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province. This situation poses challenges for marine spatial planning, as tin mining makes a significant economic contribution but, on the other hand, has the potential to increase pressure on coastal ecosystems and trigger conflicts over the use of marine space. This study aims to (1) identify the conditions of the north-eastern coastal waters of Bangka Island, (2) analyse the effectiveness of marine spatial planning in the region, and (3) formulate recommendations for more effective and sustainable marine spatial planning. The research was conducted in the coastal waters up to a limit of 4 nautical miles using the Driving Force, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response (DPSIR) framework. The study utilised primary and secondary data, employing several analytical approaches. The driving force component was analysed through a literature review to identify the factors driving tin mining activities. The ‘pressure’ component was analysed using the Sea Use Intensity Value (SuIV) and Sea Use Conflict Value (SuCV) indicators, as well as spatial autocorrelation using the Global Moran’s Index, based on data from the Coastal and Small Islands Zoning Plan (RZWP3K) for the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The ‘state’ component was analysed using remote sensing techniques to assess Total Suspended Solids (TSS) parameters, utilising Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery covering the period 2015–2024, comprising 228 scenes processed using an annual composite approach. The ‘impact’ component was analysed using an Independent Samples t-test to compare TSS conditions within and outside mining areas. Meanwhile, the ‘response’ component was developed through a pairwise comparison analysis (PCA) based on expert assessment, combined with spatial simulations of various alternative changes to marine spatial zoning. The research findings indicate that high global market demand for tin is the main factor driving increased pressure on the utilisation of marine space at the study site. The SuIV value at the study site is 6.87, which is higher than the average for the waters of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province (4.85), indicating a relatively high intensity of marine space utilisation. The SuCV value of 0.63 is also higher than the provincial average of 0.46, indicating a relatively high potential for conflict between different uses of marine space. Spatial autocorrelation analysis yielded a Global Moran’s Index value of -0.11 with a z-score of -0.15 and a p-value of 0.88, suggesting that the pattern of marine space utilisation tends to be random. Analysis of environmental conditions shows that TSS concentrations at the study site during the period 2015–2024 ranged from 13.10 to 19.28 mg/L, with a stable annual average of between 18.48 and 18.74 mg/L. From a regulatory perspective, these values still comply with the seawater quality standards for marine biota in force in Indonesia. Statistical test results indicate a significant difference between concentrations within and outside the mining area, suggesting that tin mining activities have an impact on water quality. Furthermore, when compared with the optimum concentrations for several coastal ecosystems as determined by previous research, these TSS levels indicate potential pressure on seagrass and coral reef ecosystems. Based on the PCA results, the effectiveness of marine spatial planning is most influenced by conflicts between land-use activities (50%), followed by the intensity of land use (29%) and spatial autocorrelation (21%). Simulations show that the alternative of converting the Mineral Mining Subzone into a Pelagic Fisheries Subzone yields the highest effectiveness of 139.52%; however, this alternative is difficult to implement due to the presence of licensed mining activities. Therefore, a more practical recommendation is to retain the Mineral Mining Subzone block in the southern part of the study area, which yields an effectiveness of 47.03% whilst still accommodating 86.36% of existing tin mining activities. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Peningkatan kebutuhan timah dunia mendorong perluasan aktivitas pertambangan dari daratan menuju wilayah perairan pesisir, termasuk di Perairan Pesisir Timur Laut Pulau Bangka, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Kondisi ini menimbulkan tantangan dalam penataan ruang laut karena pertambangan timah memberikan kontribusi ekonomi yang besar, namun pada sisi lain berpotensi meningkatkan tekanan terhadap ekosistem pesisir dan memicu konflik antar pemanfaatan ruang laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi kondisi Perairan Pesisir Timur Laut Pulau Bangka, (2) menganalisis efektivitas penataan ruang laut pada wilayah tersebut, dan (3) menyusun rekomendasi penataan ruang laut yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan pada wilayah perairan pesisir hingga batas 4 mil laut menggunakan pendekatan kerangka kerja Driving Force, Pressure, State, Impact, dan Response (DPSIR). Penelitian memanfaatkan data primer dan sekunder dengan beberapa pendekatan analisis. Komponen driving force dianalisis melalui studi pustaka untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong aktivitas pertambangan timah. Komponen pressure dianalisis menggunakan indikator Sea Use Intensity Value (SuIV), Sea Use Conflict Value (SuCV), serta auto-korelasi spasial menggunakan Global Moran’s Index berdasarkan data Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (RZWP3K) Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Komponen state dianalisis menggunakan teknik pengindraan jauh terhadap parameter Total Suspended Solids (TSS) menggunakan citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS selama periode 2015–2024 sebanyak 228 scene yang diproses menggunakan pendekatan komposit tahunan. Komponen impact dianalisis melalui Independent Sample t-Test untuk membandingkan kondisi TSS di dalam area pertambangan dan di luar area pertambangan. Sementara itu, komponen response disusun melalui pairwise comparison analysis (PCA) berbasis penilaian ahli yang dikombinasikan dengan simulasi spasial berbagai alternatif perubahan zonasi pemanfaatan ruang laut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingginya permintaan pasar global terhadap timah menjadi faktor utama meningkatnya tekanan pemanfaatan ruang laut di lokasi penelitian. Nilai SuIV pada lokasi penelitian sebesar 6,87 atau lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata wilayah perairan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung sebesar 4,85 yang menunjukkan intensitas pemanfaatan ruang laut relatif tinggi. Nilai SuCV sebesar 0,63 juga lebih tinggi dibanding rata-rata provinsi sebesar 0,46 yang mengindikasikan potensi konflik antar pemanfaatan ruang laut yang relatif besar. Analisis auto-korelasi spasial menghasilkan nilai Global Moran’s Index sebesar -0,11 dengan z-score -0,15 dan p-value 0,88 yang menunjukkan pola pemanfaatan ruang cenderung acak (random). Analisis kondisi lingkungan menunjukkan konsentrasi TSS pada lokasi penelitian selama periode 2015–2024 berada pada kisaran 13,10–19,28 mg/L dengan rata-rata tahunan stabil antara 18,48–18,74 mg/L. Secara regulatif nilai tersebut masih memenuhi baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut yang berlaku di Indonesia. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara di dalam area pertambangan dan di luar area pertambangan sehingga dapat disimpulkan aktivitas pertambangan timah memberikan pengaruh terhadap kondisi kualitas perairan. Selain itu, apabila dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi optimum beberapa ekosistem pesisir berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu, kondisi TSS tersebut menunjukkan potensi tekanan terhadap ekosistem lamun dan terumbu karang. Berdasarkan hasil PCA, efektivitas penataan ruang laut lebih dipengaruhi oleh konflik antar pemanfaatan ruang (50%), diikuti intensitas pemanfaatan ruang (29%) dan auto-korelasi spasial (21%). Simulasi menunjukkan alternatif perubahan Sub-zona Pertambangan Mineral menjadi Sub-zona Perikanan Tangkap Pelagis menghasilkan efektivitas tertinggi sebesar 139,52%, namun alternatif ini sulit diterapkan karena keberadaan aktivitas pertambangan yang telah berizin. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi yang lebih dapat diterapkan adalah mempertahankan blok Sub-zona Pertambangan Mineral pada bagian Selatan di lokasi penelitian yang menghasilkan efektivitas sebesar 47,03% dan tetap mengakomodasi 86,36% aktivitas pertambangan timah yang ada. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan | |
| dc.language.iso | id | |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Alternatif Penataan Ruang Laut yang Efektif di Pesisir Timur Laut Pulau Bangka Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Effective Marine Spatial Planning Alternatives in the Northeastern Coastal Area of Bangka Island, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province | |
| dc.type | Tesis | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Auto-korelasi spasial | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | efektivitas ruang | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | Pesisir Bangka | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SuCV | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SuIV | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | Bangka coast | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | spatial autocorrelation | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | spatial effectiveness | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SuCV | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SuIV | id |
| dc.subtype | Theses | |