KURASI DATA SENYAWA ANTI-ANGIOGENIK DAN ADVERSE DRUG REACTION UNTUK INTEGRASI BASIS DATA BIOMEDIS

Abstract

Angiogenesis berperan penting dalam perkembangan kanker melalui interaksi kompleks antara senyawa, protein target, jalur pensinyalan, proses biologis, dan adverse drug reaction (ADR). Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun knowledge graph anti-angiogenesis berbasis Neo4j untuk mengintegrasikan hubungan antarentitas tersebut. Metode penelitian meliputi pengumpulan dan integrasi data dari berbagai basis data biomedis, pembangunan knowledge graph, serta analisis protein–protein interaction (PPI), centrality, relasi compound–target–ADR, pathway, dan biological process. Knowledge graph yang dibangun mengintegrasikan 25 senyawa anti-angiogenik, 27 protein target yang diekspansi menjadi jaringan PPI dengan 301 protein, 10 pathway, 10 biological process, dan 905 ADR ke dalam 1.251 node dan 4.375 relationship. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa EGFR, KDR, dan SRC merupakan protein sentral yang banyak terlibat pada jalur PI3K-Akt, MAPK, dan VEGF serta proses angiogenesis, proliferasi, dan migrasi sel endotel. Selain itu, KDR dan PDGFRB memiliki keterhubungan tinggi dengan berbagai ADR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa protein target anti-angiogenik berperan tidak hanya dalam angiogenesis, tetapi juga dalam homeostasis vaskular, sehingga penghambatannya berpotensi memunculkan ADR selain memberikan efek terapeutik antikanker.

Angiogenesis plays an important role in cancer progression through the complex interactions among compounds, target proteins, signaling pathways, biological processes, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study aimed to construct a Neo4j-based anti-angiogenesis knowledge graph to integrate their relationships. The research methods included data collection and integration from multiple biomedical databases, knowledge graph construction using Neo4j, and analyses of protein–protein interaction (PPI), centrality, compound–target–ADR relationships, pathways, and biological processes. The resulting knowledge graph integrated 25 anti-angiogenic compounds, 27 target proteins expanded into a PPI network comprising 301 proteins, 10 pathways, 10 biological processes, and 905 ADRs into 1,251 nodes and 4,375 relationships. Network analysis identified EGFR, KDR, and SRC as the central proteins involved in angiogenesis. The target proteins were predominantly associated with the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and VEGF signaling pathways, as well as biological processes related to angiogenesis, endothelial cell proliferation, and migration. Furthermore, KDR and PDGFRB exhibited high connectivity with multiple ADRs. The findings indicate that anti angiogenic target proteins play dual roles in angiogenesis and normal vascular homeostasis. Therefore, inhibition of these proteins not only contributes to anticancer therapeutic effects but may also lead to ADRs by disrupting the normal biological processes they regulate.