Analisis Kualitas Air Limpasan Green Roof Berbasis Sistem Filtrasi Sabut Kelapa, Arang Aktif, dan Aerasi Ultrafine Bubble

Abstract

Air limpasan (runoff) green roof berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air alternatif, tetapi kualitasnya masih dipengaruhi oleh padatan tersuspensi, bahan organik, dan senyawa kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas kombinasi aerasi ultrafine bubbles (UFB) dan filtrasi menggunakan sabut kelapa dan arang aktif dengan variasi ketebalan media 50 cm, 60 cm, dan 70 cm terhadap kualitas air limpasan green roof. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi suhu, TDS, kekeruhan, pH, DO, nitrit, amonia, COD, dan sulfat. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut Tukey HSD pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan media berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter kecuali suhu. Media setebal 70 cm memberikan kinerja terbaik dengan efisiensi penyisihan tertinggi serta memenuhi baku mutu PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 Kelas II. Berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023, kualitas air masih tergolong cemar ringan dengan kekeruhan sebagai parameter pembatas.

Green roof runoff has the potential to serve as an alternative water source; however, its quality is affected by suspended solids, organic matter, and dissolved chemical compounds. This study evaluated the effectiveness of combining ultrafine bubbles (UFB) aeration with filtration using coconut coir and activated carbon at media thicknesses of 50, 60, and 70 cm. Water quality was assessed based on temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrite, ammonia, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and sulfate. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that media thickness significantly affected all parameters except temperature. The 70 cm filtration media achieved the best overall performance and complied with the Class II water quality standard of Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. However, according to Minister of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023, the treated water remained lightly polluted, with turbidity identified as the primary limiting parameter.