Analisis Produktivitas Delimbing Pohon Jati menggunakan Metode Time and Motion Study di KPH Cepu

Abstract

Peningkatan permintaan kayu jati mengharuskan optimalisasi pemanenan sistem kayu pendek, khususnya pada tahap pemotongan cabang (delimbing) yang menentukan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur dan membandingkan produktivitas kerja antara metode delimbing berurutan dan acak, serta menganalisis hubungan jumlah langkah kaki dengan waktu standar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui perekaman video kegiatan delimbing terhadap tiga operator chainsaw di KPH Cepu untuk mengamati tiga puluh siklus kerja menggunakan metode time study dan pedometer digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode berurutan menghasilkan produktivitas lebih tinggi (19,407 m³/jam) dibanding metode acak (17,186 m³/jam), meskipun uji-t dua sampel bebas menyatakan perbedaan waktu standar tidak signifikan secara statistik (P-value = 0,176). Temuan baru menunjukkan korelasi langkah kaki dan waktu standar pada metode berurutan bernilai sedang (r = 0,433) karena ritme kerja teratur, sedangkan metode acak berkorelasi lemah (r = 0,175) akibat akumulasi waktu habis untuk berdiri diam menjaga keseimbangan tubuh dan mengatasi hambatan lingkungan. Metode berurutan direkomendasikan sebagai standar operasional guna meningkatkan efisiensi dan keselamatan kerja.

The increasing demand for teak requires optimization of short-timber harvesting systems, particularly at the delimbing stage, which determines productivity. This study aims to measure and compare work productivity between sequential and random delimbing methods, and to analyze the relationship between the number of footsteps and standard time. Data collection was conducted by video recording the delimbing activities of three chainsaw operators in the Cepu Forest Management Unit (KPH Cepu) to observe thirty work cycles using a time study method and a digital pedometer. The results showed that the sequential method produced higher productivity (19,407 m³/hour) than the random method (17,186 m³/hour), although a paired t-test indicated that the difference in standard time was not statistically significant (P-value = 0,176). New findings indicate a moderate correlation between footsteps and standard time in the sequential method (r = 0,433) due to a regular work rhythm, while the random method had a weak correlation (r = 0,175) due to the accumulated time spent standing still to maintain body balance and overcome environmental obstacles. The sequential method is recommended as an operational standard to improve work efficiency and safety.