Struktur Ekologi Mangrove dan Makrozoobentos serta Implikasinya terhadap Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove di Muara Gembong, Bekasi

Abstract

AULIAULLAH NABIGHAH. Struktur Ekologi Mangrove dan Makrozoobentos serta Implikasinya terhadap Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove di Muara Gembong, Bekasi. Dibimbing oleh DUDI MUHAMMAD WILDAN dan AGUSTINUS MANGARATUA SAMOSIR.

Ekosistem mangrove di Kecamatan Muara Gembong mengalami tekanan lingkungan akibat faktor alami dan aktivitas manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan kondisi mangrove, lingkungan perairan, dan struktur komunitas makrozoobentos serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian dilakukan pada enam stasiun melalui analisis vegetasi mangrove, kualitas perairan, substrat, perubahan garis pantai, dan komunitas makrozoobentos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa lokasi mengalami abrasi dan pencemaran yang menurunkan kualitas habitat. Kondisi mangrove dan lingkungan perairan yang lebih baik cenderung memiliki struktur komunitas makrozoobentos yang lebih baik, sedangkan lokasi yang mengalami tekanan lingkungan didominasi oleh spesies yang lebih toleran. Analisis Principal Component Analysis (PCA) menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara mangrove, karakteristik substrat, dan struktur komunitas makrozoobentos. Nilai AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) menunjukkan kondisi perairan tergolong sedikit hingga cukup terganggu. Strategi pengelolaan diarahkan melalui zonasi sesuai kondisi habitat untuk mendukung keberlanjutan fungsi ekologis ekosistem mangrove.

Kata kunci: lingkungan perairan, makrozoobentos, mangrove, Muara Gembong

AULIAULLAH NABIGHAH. Ecological Structure of Mangroves and Macrozoobenthos and Their Implications for Mangrove Ecosystem Management in Muara Gembong, Bekasi. Supervised by DUDI MUHAMMAD WILDAN and AGUSTINUS MANGARATUA SAMOSIR.

The mangrove ecosystem in Muara Gembong District faces environmental pressures from both natural factors and human activities. This study aims to examine the relationship between mangrove conditions, water quality, and macrozoobenthos community structure, as well as to formulate sustainable management strategies for the mangrove ecosystem. The research was conducted at six stations through analyses of mangrove vegetation, water quality, substrate characteristics, coastline changes, and macrozoobenthos communities. The results showed that several locations experienced abrasion and pollution that reduced habitat quality. Locations with better mangrove and water quality conditions tended to support a better macrozoobenthos community structure, whereas areas under environmental stress were dominated by more tolerant species. Principal Component Analysis revealed associations among mangrove vegetation, substrate characteristics, and macrozoobenthos community structure. The AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) values indicated that the study area ranged from slightly to moderately disturbed. Management strategies are directed through habitat-based zoning to support the sustainable ecological functions of the mangrove ecosystem.

Keywords: aquatic environment, macrozoobenthos, mangrove, Muara Gembong