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      Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang pada Empat Zona Konservasi di Kepulauan Banda, Maluku Tengah

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Ramdhan, Muhammad Putra Solehudin
      Subhan, Beginer
      Arafat, Dondy
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      Abstract
      Ekosistem terumbu karang merupakan habitat penting bagi ikan karang yang berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekologi perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas ikan karang pada Zona Pemanfaatan, Zona Kontrol, Zona Inti, dan Zona Turis di Kepulauan Banda, Maluku. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan metode Underwater Visual Census (UVC). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kelimpahan individu, kekayaan spesies, kekayaan famili, struktur trofik, indeks keanekaragaman (H’), keseragaman (E), dominansi (C), dan similaritas Bray–Curtis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Zona Turis memiliki kelimpahan individu tertinggi, sedangkan Zona Pemanfaatan terendah. Sebanyak 23 famili ikan karang teridentifikasi dengan dominasi famili Pomacentridae, Caesionidae, dan Chaetodontidae. Kelompok planktivora mendominasi struktur trofik dengan persentase 43,6%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman berkisar 3,850 – 4,009, indeks keseragaman 0,903 – 0,941, dan indeks dominansi 0,022 – 0,029 yang menunjukkan komunitas ikan karang berada dalam kondisi stabil. Analisis Bray–Curtis menunjukkan tingkat kemiripan tertinggi antara Zona Kontrol dan Zona Turis sebesar 93,23%, sedangkan Zona Pemanfaatan memiliki karakteristik komunitas yang paling berbeda. Secara keseluruhan, kondisi komunitas ikan karang di Kepulauan Banda tergolong baik dan relatif stabil sehingga mendukung upaya pengelolaan dan konservasi terumbu karang secara berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: ikan karang, Kepulauan Banda, struktur komunitas, terumbu karang, zona konservasi.
       
      Coral reef ecosystems provide essential habitats for reef fishes and play an important role in maintaining marine ecological balance. This study aimed to analyze the community structure of Capture Fisheries Zonz, Control Zone, Core Zone, and Tourism Zone of the Banda Islands, Maluku. Data were collected using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. Observed parameters included fish abundance, species richness, family richness, trophic structure, diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), dominance index (C), and Bray-Curtis similarity index. The results showed that the Tourism Zone had the highest fish abundance, while the Capture Fisheries Zone had the lowest. A total of 23 reef fish families were identified, dominated by Pomacentridae, Caesionidae, and Chaetodontidae. Planktivores fishes dominated the trophic structure, accounting for 43,6% of total individuals. Diversity index values ranged from 3,850 to 4,009, evenness values from 0,903 to 0,941, and dominance values from 0,022 to 0,029, indicating a stable fish community. Bray-Curtis analysis revealed the highest similarity between the Control and Tourism Zones (93,23%), whereas the Capture Fisheries Zone exhibited the most distinct community characteristics. Overall, the reef fish community in the Banda Islands remains in good and relatively stable condition, supporting sustainable coral reef management and conservation efforts. Keywords: Banda Islands, community structure, conservation zones, coral reef, reef fish.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176803
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      • UF - Marine Science And Technology [2145]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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