MINYAK INSULASI TRANSFORMATOR BERBASIS RBDPO DAN ADITIF PARTIKEL NIKEL FERIT TERDOPING ZINK (ZnxNi1-xFe2O4)

Abstract

Minyak nabati menjadi alternatif minyak insulasi pada transformator yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan minyak mineral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyintesis minyak insulasi transformator berbasis Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) dengan zat aditif partikel nikel ferit terdoping zink (ZnxNi1-xFe2O4) yang mengacu pada standar IEC 62770 untuk menganalisis spesifikasi mutu kimia, fisika, dan dielektrik. Partikel disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dengan surfaktan asam oleat dan variasi konsentrasi doping Zn²?. Diameter partikel berkisar 511,93–564,93 nm dengan distribusi ukuran yang relatif seragam. Hasil X-Ray Diffaction (XRD) menunjukkan pergeseran puncak ke sudut 2? yang lebih rendah seiring peningkatan doping Zn²? serta perubahan ukuran kristalit akibat distorsi kisi. Minyak insulasi yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar air 346–366 mg/L yang belum memenuhi IEC 62770, sedangkan bilangan asam 0,0280–0,0282 mg KOH/g, densitas 0,9110–0,9185 g/cm³, viskositas kinematik 49,62–49,85 mm²/s, dan tegangan tembus 44,80–56,62 kV telah memenuhi persyaratan standar IEC 62770.

Vegetable oil is an alternative insulating oil in transformers that is more environmentally friendly than mineral oil. This research aimed to synthesize Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) based transformer insulation oil with zinc-doped nickel ferrite particles (ZnxNi1-xFe2O4) additives that meet chemical, physical, and dielectric quality specification standards. Particles were synthesized by the coprecipitation method ith oleic acid surfactant and varying Zn²? doping concentrations.. The particle diameter ranges from 511.93–564.93 nm with a relatively uniform size distribution. X-Ray Diffaction (XRD) results show a peak shift to a lower 2? angle as Zn²? doping increases as well as changes in crystallite size due to lattice distortion. The resulting insulating oil has a moisture content of 346–366 mg/L which does not meet IEC 62770, while the acid number is 0.0280–0.0282 mg KOH/g, density is 0.9110–0.9185 g/cm³, kinematic viscosity is 49.62–49.85 mm²/s, and breakdown voltage is 44.80–56.62 kV which meets the requirements of the IEC 62770 standard.