Status Pemanfaatan Pari Kekeh (Rhynchobatus) di WPPNRI 712, Berbasis di PPN Tasikagung Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Pari kekeh masuk dalam Appendiks II CITES sejak 2019 dan berstatus Critically Endangered menurut IUCN akibat tingginya tekanan penangkapan. Tingginya nilai jual sirip menjadi pendorong utama eksploitasi, termasuk di PPN Tasikagung sebagai salah satu lokasi pendaratan pari kekeh terbesar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kondisi perikanan dan mengevaluasi status pemanfaatan pari kekeh yang didaratkan di PPN Tasikagung. Data ukuran kapal, metode penangkapan, jumlah kapal, daerah penangkapan, rantai perdagangan, dan nilai ekonomi dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sedangkan data panjang total sampel pari kekeh diperoleh dari pengumpulan langsung disaat penelitian lapangan dan hasil pendataan Rekam Nusantara Foundation selama sembilan bulan. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif, parameter populasi, dan Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LBSPR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pari kekeh ditangkap menggunakan jaring tarik berkantong dengan daerah penangkapan meliputi Perairan Utara Jawa Timur hingga Kalimantan Selatan. Panjang asimtotik Rhynchobatus australiae dan Rhynchobatus springeri masingmasing sebesar 322,17 dan 312,72 cm TL dengan koefisien pertumbuhan (K) 0,14 dan 0,13. Nilai eksploitasi (E) masing-masing sebesar 0,69 dan 0,61 serta nilai SPR 0,22 dan 0,47 menunjukkan status over-exploited dan fully-exploited. Ukuran pada tingkat selektivitas 50% lebih kecil dibandingkan ukuran Length at first maturity (Lm) keduanya (SL50<Lm), sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan perikanan berkelanjutan.

Wedgefish has been listed in CITES Appendix II since 2019 and classified as Critically Endangered by the IUCN due to high fishing pressure driven by its fin market value, including at PPN Tasikagung, one of Indonesia's largest wedgefish landing sites. This study describes fishery conditions and evaluates the utilization status of wedgefish landed at PPN Tasikagung. Data on vessel size, fishing methods, number of vessels, fishing grounds, trade chains, and economic value were collected through direct observation and purposive sampling interviews, while total length data were obtained through field measurement and nine month monitoring records from the Rekam Nusantara Foundation. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods, population parameters, and the Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LBSPR). Wedgefish were caught using seine nets, with fishing grounds spanning northern East Java to South Kalimantan. The asymptotic lengths of Rhynchobatus australiae and Rhynchobatus springeri were 322.17 and 312.72 cm TL, with growth coefficients (K) of 0.14 and 0.13. Exploitation values (E) of 0.69 and 0.60, and SPR values of 0.22 and 0.47, indicated over-exploited and fully-exploited status. The size at 50% selectivity was smaller than the length at first maturity (Lm) for both species (SL50 < Lm), indicating an urgent need for sustainable management.