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      Pengujian 80 Galur F4 Padi Sawah Tipe Baru (Oryza sativa L.) Populasi IPB241

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Dafa, Muhammad
      Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
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      Abstract
      Pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya mendorong program pemuliaan padi untuk menciptakan varietas baru dengan daya hasil tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji 80 galur padi sawah generasi F4 populasi IPB241. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai Januari hingga Juni 2026 di Kebun Percobaan Sawah Baru, Desa Babakan, Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan augmented design dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan 80 galur uji serta lima varietas pembanding dalam empat blok. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji t-Dunnett (5%) terhadap masing-masing pembanding. Selain itu, data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson dan seleksi multi-karakter dengan metode multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya keragaman genotipe uji pada sebagian besar karakter yang diamati. Karakter bobot gabah per rumpun berkorelasi dengan karakter jumlah anakan total dan produktif, sementara karakter bobot 1000 butir gabah bernas berkorelasi dengan panjang malai. Berdasarkan seleksi dengan MGIDI untuk lima karakter terpilih, terdapat 18 galur harapan yang memiliki performa multi-karakter seimbang dan daya hasil tinggi. Enam galur terbaik di antaranya meliputi galur IPB241-20, IPB241-46, IPB241-47, IPB241-49, IPB241-62, dan IPB241-63, dengan capaian bobot gabah per rumpun berturut-turut sebesar 79,81 g; 58,93 g; 77,29 g; 85,68 g; 58,87 g; dan 82,46 g. Hasil tersebut secara umum mampu melampaui varietas pembanding IPB 9G, IPB 13S, dan IPB 15S, yang memiliki bobot gabah secara berturut-turut sebesar 57,81 g; 51,58 g; dan 58,85 g. Galur-galur terseleksi tersebut memerlukan pengembangan dan pengujian lebih lanjut untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat varietas unggul baru.
       
      The continuous increase in Indonesia's population drives the rice breeding program to develop new high-yielding varieties. This study aimed to evaluate 80 F4 generation lowland rice lines of the IPB241 population. The research was conducted from January to June 2026 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Station, Babakan Village, Dramaga District, Bogor Regency. The experiment used an augmented design based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 80 tested lines and five check varieties across four blocks. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's t-test (5%) against each check variety. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multi-trait selection based on the multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) method. The results showed genotypic variation in most of the observed traits. Grain weight per hill was correlated with total and productive tiller numbers, while the 1000-filled grain weight was correlated with panicle length. Based on the MGIDI selection for five selected traits, 18 promising lines with balanced multi-trait performance and high yield were identified. The top six lines were IPB241-20, IPB241-46, IPB241-47, IPB241-49, IPB241-62, and IPB241-63, with grain weight per hill of 79.81 g, 58.93 g, 77.29 g, 85.68 g, 58.87 g, and 82.46 g, respectively. This yield generally outperformed the IPB 9G, IPB 13S, and IPB 15S check varieties, which had grain weights of 57.81 g, 51.58 g, and 58.85 g, respectively. These selected lines require further development and evaluation to be proposed as candidate superior varieties.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176290
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      • UF - Agronomy and Horticulture [7724]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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