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      Determinasi dan Daya Saing Ekspor Produk Olahan Nikel di Indonesia ke Negara Tujuan Utama Periode 2005–2024

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Tamba, Keisha Ruth Gita Hayati
      Widyastutik
      Amaliah, Syarifah
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      Abstract
      Indonesia memiliki cadangan nikel terbesar di dunia sehingga kebijakan larangan ekspor bijih nikel diterapkan untuk mendorong hilirisasi dan meningkatkan nilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi nilai ekspor produk olahan nikel Indonesia ke tujuh negara tujuan utama selama periode 2005–2024. Analisis menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk olahan nikel Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif di seluruh negara tujuan, dengan posisi daya saing didominasi falling star dan Amerika Serikat berada pada kategori rising star. GDP riil per kapita negara tujuan dan nilai tukar riil berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai ekspor, sedangkan jarak geografis, produksi bijih nikel, dan kebijakan larangan ekspor bijih nikel berpengaruh negatif. Oleh karena itu, penguatan industri hilir dan diversifikasi pasar ekspor diperlukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk olahan nikel Indonesia.
       
      Indonesia possesses the world's largest nickel reserves, prompting the government to implement a nickel ore export ban to promote downstream industrialization and increase value added. This study analyzes the competitiveness and determinants of Indonesia's processed nickel exports to seven major destination countries during 2005–2024 using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), X-Model, and panel data regression. The results show that Indonesia's processed nickel products have a comparative advantage in all destination countries, with competitiveness predominantly classified as falling star, while the United States is categorized as rising star. The destination country's real GDP per capita and the real exchange rate positively affect export value, whereas geographical distance, nickel ore production, and the nickel ore export ban have negative effects. Therefore, strengthening downstream industries and diversifying export markets are necessary to improve the competitiveness of Indonesia's processed nickel products.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176059
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      • UF - Economics and Development Studies [3299]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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