AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KOMBINASI DAUN DAN KULIT BATANG SURIAN (Toona sinensis) TERHADAP BAKTERI PENYEBAB DIARE MELALUI DIFUSI CAKRAM

Abstract

Infeksi akibat bakteri penyebab diare masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan yang dapat diperburuk oleh resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kombinasi daun dan kulit batang surian (Toona sinensis) terhadap bakteri penyebab diare. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan sonikasi menggunakan etanol 96%, kemudian diuji dengan metode difusi cakram, Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM). Ekstrak kombinasi menghasilkan zona hambat terhadap Bacillus subtilis dan Escherichia coli pada konsentrasi 60 mg/mL masing-masing sebesar 6,83 ± 0,51 mm dan 4,05 ± 0,69 mm, sedangkan terhadap Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium sebesar 1,48 ± 0,21 mm pada konsentrasi 150 mg/mL. Nilai KHM ekstrak kombinasi terhadap B. subtilis, E. coli, dan S. enterica serovar Typhimurium sekitar 5 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, dan 110 mg/mL. Pengujian ekstrak kombinasi surian mengindikasikan efek antagonis dan bersifat bakteriostatik. Simpulan menunjukkan ekstrak kombinasi masih berpotensi sebagai antibakteri alami terhadap bakteri penyebab diare.

Infections caused by bacteria that trigger diarrhea remain a public health challenge that can be exacerbated by antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a combined extract of surian (Toona sinensis) leaves and bark against bacteria that cause diarrhea. Extraction was performed by sonication using 96% ethanol, followed by testing using the disc diffusion method, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The combined extract produced inhibition zones against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli at a concentration of 60 mg/mL, measuring 6,83 ± 0,51 mm and 4,05 ± 0,69 mm, respectively, while against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, it produced an inhibition zone of 1,48 ± 0,21 mm. The MIC values of the combined extract against B. subtlis, E. coli, and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium were approxiamtely 5 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, and 110 mg/mL, respectively. Testing of the combined surian extract indicated an antagonistic effect and bacteriostatic properties. The conclusion indicates that the combined extract still has potential as natural antibacterial agent against bacteria that cause diarrhea.