Respons Genotipe Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis L.) terhadap Perlakuan Lanjaran

Abstract

Koro pedang (Canavalia ensiformis L.) merupakan tanaman legum yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber pangan alternatif karena kandungan protein dan produktivitasnya tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari respons beberapa genotipe koro pedang terhadap perlakuan lanjaran serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada Oktober 2025 hingga Mei 2026. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak pola tersarang dengan dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah perlakuan lanjaran dengan dua taraf yaitu dengan lanjaran dan tanpa lanjaran, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah genotipe dengan tiga genotipe koro pedang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lanjaran berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah polong per tanaman, lebar polong, bobot polong, jumlah biji per polong, bobot biji per polong, bobot biji per tanaman, dan bobot 100 biji. Genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap sebagian besar karakter pengamatan, terutama komponen hasil tanaman. Interaksi antara genotipe dan perlakuan lanjaran berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, luas daun, umur panen, lebar polong, bobot polong, dan jumlah biji per polong. Genotipe IPBFA KP04(GG) menghasilkan jumlah polong lebih banyak, sedangkan IPBFA KP08(SG) memiliki komponen hasil terbaik. Ketiga genotipe bertipe tumbuh tegak dan tidak melilit pada lanjaran sehingga lanjaran lebih berfungsi sebagai penyangga tanaman dibandingkan media rambatan.

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) is a leguminous crop with potential to be developed as an alternative food source due to its high protein content and productivity. This study aimed to examine the response of some jack bean genotypes to staking treatment and their interaction on plant growth and yield. The experiment was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, from October 2025 to May 2026. The study used a nested randomized complete block design with two factors, namely staking treatment with two levels, i.e. with and without staking, and genotype with three jack bean ones. The results showed that staking significantly affected stem diameter, flowering age, harvest age, number of pods per plant, pod width, pod weight, number of seeds per pod, seed weight per pod, seed weight per plant, and 100-seed weight. Genotype also significantly affected most observed characters, especially yield components. The interaction between genotype and staking significantly affected plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, harvest age, pod width, pod weight, and number of seeds per pod. IPBFA KP04(GG) produced more pods per plant, whereas IPBFA KP08(SG) showed the best performance in yield components. All three genotypes had an upright growth habit and did not twine around the staking, so the staking functioned more as structural support than as a climbing medium.