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      Struktur Komunitas Lepidoptera di Area Konservasi dan Reklamasi PT Agincourt Resources

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      FAHREZI, SYAFIQ ADITYA
      Priawandiputra, Windra
      Anwar, Syaiful
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      Abstract
      Lepidoptera banyak digunakan sebagai bioindikator kondisi ekologi karena sensitivitasnya terhadap perubahan habitat, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai indikator keberhasilan reklamasi pascatambang. Penelitian ini menganalisis struktur komunitas Lepidoptera di area konservasi Ulu Ala dan area reklamasi Aek Pahu PT Agincourt Resources menggunakan transek Pollard, indeks ekologi, uji t-Hutcheson, dan pemodelan MaxEnt. Lepidoptera sebanyak 204 individu dari 91 spesies tercatat pada kedua area, dengan Aek Pahu terdapat 117 individu dari 65 spesies dan Ulu Ala 87 individu dari 47 spesies. Nilai Shannon-Wiener termasuk kategori tinggi pada kedua area (Aek Pahu H'= 3,92; Ulu Ala H'= 3,65), dengan kemerataan tinggi (E= 0,94–0,95) dan dominansi rendah (C= 0,03) pada keduanya. Uji t-Hutcheson menunjukkan perbedaan keanekaragaman yang signifikan (p<0,05), sementara indeks similaritas Sørensen sebesar 37,5% mengindikasikan kesamaan komunitas sedang. Spesies spesialis seperti Ypthima horsfieldii, Tanaecia iapis, dan Lexias canescens mendominasi area konservasi. Area reklamasi didominasi spesies generalis seperti Delias hyparete, Graphium agamemnon, Neptis hylas, dan Eurema spp. Model MaxEnt menunjukkan performa baik (AUC Ulu Ala= 0,706; Aek Pahu= 0,769), dengan ketinggian sebagai faktor dominan di kedua area. Area reklamasi Aek Pahu telah membentuk habitat fungsional bagi Lepidoptera dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai rumah kupu-kupu untuk ekowisata berbasis konservasi.
       
      Lepidoptera are widely used as bioindicators of ecological conditions due to their sensitivity to habitat changes, making them relevant for monitoring the success of post-mining reclamation. This study analyzed the Lepidoptera community structure in Ulu Ala conservation area and Aek Pahu restoration area of PT Agincourt Resources using Pollard transects, ecological indices, Hutcheson's t-test, and MaxEnt modeling. A total of 204 individuals from 91 species were recorded across both areas, with Aek Pahu accounting for 117 individuals from 65 species and Ulu Ala recording 87 individuals from 47 species. Shannon-Wiener diversity values were classified as high in both areas (Aek Pahu H'= 3.92; Ulu Ala H'= 3.65), with high evenness (E= 0.94–0.95) and low dominance (C= 0.03) in both. Hutcheson's t-test revealed a significant difference in diversity between the two areas (p<0.05), while a Sørensen similarity index of 37.5% indicated moderate community similarity. Specialist species such as Ypthima horsfieldii, Tanaecia iapis, and Lexias canescens dominated the conservation area, whereas the restoration area was dominated by generalist species including Delias hyparete, Graphium agamemnon, Neptis hylas, and Eurema spp. MaxEnt model demonstrated good predictive performance in both areas (AUC Ulu Ala= 0.706; Aek Pahu= 0.769), with elevation identified as the dominant environmental factor. Aek Pahu reclamation area has developed into a functional habitat for Lepidoptera and holds potential for development as a butterfly sanctuary for conservation-based ecotourism.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/175215
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