Uji Daya Hasil Kentang Industri (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar IPB CP2 dan IPB CP3 di Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat

Abstract

Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang produksi dalam negerinya belum memenuhi kebutuhan karena keterbatasan bibit unggul kultivar lokal. Kultivar lokal IPB CP2 dan IPB CP3 yang telah dirakit Pusat Bioteknologi IPB perlu diuji daya hasilnya sebelum dilepaskan ke masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi kentang keripik kultivar IPB CP2 dan IPB CP3 generasi ke-1 (G1) serta pembandingnya yaitu kultivar IPB CP1, Atlantik, dan Baraka di Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Karakter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi per tanaman, bobot umbi per tanaman, dan bobot umbi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan IPB CP2 memiliki tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kultivar lainnya, sedangkan IPB CP3 tidak berbeda nyata dengan 3 kultivar pembanding. IPB CP2 maupun IPB CP3 tidak berbunga, sedangkan 3 kultivar pembandingnya berbunga di Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Jumlah umbi IPB CP2 dan IPB CP3 lebih banyak dibandingkan 3 kultivar pembanding. Produktivitas IPB CP2 dan IPB CP3 yang sebesar 12,43 dan 13,61 ton/hektar lebih rendah dibandingkan 3 kultivar pembanding.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important tuber crop whose domestic production has not yet met national demand due to limited availability of superior local cultivars. Locally developed potato cultivars IPB CP2 and IPB CP3, bred by IPB Biotechnology Center, require yield evaluation before being officially released for commercial cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate growth and yield performance of potato chip cultivars IPB CP2 and IPB CP3 1 st generation (G1), along with their comparison cultivars, namely IPB CP1, Atlantic, and Baraka, in Lembang District. The observed variables included plant height, number of branches, leaves, tubers and tuber weight per plant, and also tuber yield per hectare. The results showed that IPB CP2 cultivar had lower plant height and leaf number compared with other cultivars, whereas IPB CP3 was not significantly different from comparison cultivars. Both IPB CP2 and IPB CP3 did not grow flower, while three comparison cultivars flowered under environmental conditions of Lembang District. Number of tubers produced by IPB CP2 and IPB CP3 was higher than comparison cultivars. Productivity of IPB CP2 and IPB CP3, which reached 12,43 and 13,61 ton/hectare, lower than three comparison cultivars.