Kajian Keselamatan Kerja di Dermaga Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman Jakarta

Abstract

Dermaga PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta sebagai titik operasional tersibuk pelabuhan perikanan terbesar di Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan kecelakaan kerja yang berulang. Data menyebutkan bahwa lima dari enam kebakaran terjadi di dermaga pada 2022–2024. Penerapan regulasi keselamatan kerja yang ada belum diterjemahkan menjadi sistem manajemen risiko yang efektif pada tingkat operasional dermaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi bahaya kegiatan operasional, menilai tingkat risikonya, dan merumuskan rekomendasi pengendalian risiko di Dermaga PPS Nizam Zachman. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur dengan analisis menggunakan kerangka Hazard identification, Risk assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC). Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi empat aktivitas utama yang terbagi menjadi 31 kegiatan dan 150 subkegiatan dengan beragam risiko kerja yang teridentifikasi. Risiko tersebut terbagi dalam 119 low risk, 26 medium risk, dan 11 high risk. Risiko high risk ditemukan pada kegiatan perbaikan permesinan dan kelistrikan serta pengelasan komponen. Penerapan hierarki pengendalian terbukti menurunkan tingkat risiko secara terukur. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi usulan bagi pengelola pelabuhan dalam memperkuat sistem manajemen keselamatan kerja yang lebih terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan.

The pier of the Nizam Zachman Jakarta Oceanic Fishing Port (PPS Nizam Zachman), as the busiest operational hub of the largest fishing port in Indonesia, faces recurring occupational accidents. Data indicate that five out of six fire incidents occurred at the pier between 2022 and 2024. The existing occupational safety regulations have yet to be translated into an effective risk management system at the operational level of the pier. This study aims to explain operational potential hazards, assess risk levels, and formulate control recommendations at the PPS Nizam Zachman pier. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and literature review, and were analyzed using the Hazard identification, Risk assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) framework. The findings identified four main activities comprising 31 tasks and 150 smaller tasks, each associated with various occupational risks. These risks were classified into 119 low-risk, 26 medium-risk, and 11 high-risk categories. High-risk classifications were found in machinery and electrical repair activities, as well as welding operations. The application of a control hierarchy demonstrated a measurable reduction in risk levels. The findings of this study are intended to serve as a recommendation for port management in strengthening a more integrated and sustainable occupational safety management system.