Analisis Kesehatan Mangrove Desa Muara, Kabupaten Tangerang sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan Ekosistem Pesisir Berkelanjutan

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove di Desa Muara, Kabupaten Tangerang menghadapi tekanan antropogenik akibat aktivitas domestik dan ekspansi kawasan pembangunan di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi kesehatan ekosistem mangrove melalui indeks kesehatan mangrove (IKM) sebagai dasar pengelolaan pesisir yang berkelanjutan. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada Februari 2026 di lima stasiun mencakup parameter struktur vegetasi serta kualitas perairan. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat lima spesies mangrove yang didominasi genus Rhizophora. Kerapatan mangrove tergolong jarang di empat stasiun (<1000 ind/ha), sedangkan tutupan kanopi berkisar 63,85–80,73% (kategori sedang–padat). Nilai IKM sebesar 56,28% tergolong sedang. Parameter kualitas air seperti oksigen terlarut dan kekeruhan belum memenuhi baku mutu. Hasil ini menunjukkan ekosistem masih berfungsi namun mengalami tekanan, sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan melalui rehabilitasi, pengendalian pencemaran, dan pemantauan berkala.

The mangrove ecosystem in Muara Village, Tangerang Regency, faces anthropogenic pressures resulting from domestic activities and the expansion of development areas in the surrounding region. This study aims to analyze the health status of the mangrove ecosystem using the Mangrove Health Index (MHI) as a basis for sustainable coastal management. Data collection was conducted in February 2026 at five stations, covering parameters related to vegetation structure and water quality. The results showed that there were five mangrove species, dominated by the genus Rhizophora. Mangrove density was relatively low at the four stations (<1000 individuals/ha), while canopy cover ranged from 63.85% to 80.73% (moderate to dense). The MHI value of 56.28% was classified as moderate. Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen and turbidity did not yet meet quality standards. These results indicate that the ecosystem is still functioning but is under stress, necessitating management through rehabilitation, pollution control, and periodic monitoring.