PERBANYAKAN ALOCASIA REGINULA ‘BLACK VELVET’ MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMBELAHAN CORMEL

Abstract

Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’ merupakan jenis Alocasia yang banyak diminati dan sering dibudidayakan sebagai tanaman hias. Mayoritas petani masih menggunakan teknik perbanyakan konvensional, seperti menggunakan cormel, namun efektivitas pembelahan cormel terhadap produktivitas perbanyakan belum diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi produktivitas perbanyakan Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’ melalui pembelahan cormel dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari–Maret 2026 di rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan 3 taraf (P1: cormel utuh; P2: cormel dibagi dua; P3: cormel dibagi empat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pembelahan cormel memengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’. Cormel utuh menghasilkan panjang tunas, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan persentase keberhasilan tunas tertinggi, sedangkan cormel yang dibagi dua menghasilkan jumlah tunas lebih banyak dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Perlakuan pembelahan cormel pada penerapannya dapat meningkatkan produksi tanaman hingga 1,81 kali lipat pada perlakuan cormel dibagi dua dan 3,23 kali lipat pada perlakuan cormel dibagi empat. Pembelahan cormel dibagi dua memiliki waktu tumbuh tunas tertinggi dan mampu menghasilkan tunas lebih dari satu, serta dapat meningkatkan hingga 1,81 kali lipat produksi tanaman sehingga dapat menjadi titik temu produktivitas dan waktu tumbuh. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pembelahan cormel dapat menjadi alternatif perbanyakan massal secara konvensional yang efektif dan mudah diterapkan oleh petani tanaman hias.

Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’ is a highly sought-after Alocasia and is frequently cultivated as an ornamental plant. Most growers still use conventional propagation techniques, such as cormel division; however, the effectiveness of the technique has not yet been studied. This study aims to evaluate the propagation productivity of Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’ through corm division and its effect on plant growth. The study was conducted in a greenhouse from January to March 2026 using a single-factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments (P1: whole cormel; P2: cormel split into two; P3: cormel split into four). The results showed that cormel division affected the plant growth of Alocasia reginula ‘Black Velvet’. Whole cormels produced the highest shoot length, leaf length, leaf width, and the highest percentage of successful shoots while cormels divided into two produced more shoots compared to the other treatments. In practice, the corm division treatment can increase plant production by up to 1.81 times in the treatment where corms were split into two and by 3.23 times in the treatment where corms were split into four. The treatment of splitting cormels into two showed the highest shoot growth rate and was able to produce more than one shoot, as well as increasing plant production by up to 1.81 times, thus representing a balance between productivity and growth rate. These results indicate that corm division can serve as an effective alternative to conventional mass propagation methods that are easy for ornamental plant growers to implement.