Jasa dan Valuasi Ekosistem Padang Lamun di Pulau Tidung Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta.

Abstract

Ekosistem padang lamun memiliki peran penting melalui jasa penyediaan berupa sumber daya perikanan, jasa pengaturan berupa peredaman gelombang dan penyimpanan karbon, serta jasa budaya yang mendukung kegiatan wisata di Pulau Tidung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jasa ekosistem padang lamun serta mengestimasi nilai ekonomi jasa penyediaannya. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi lapang, wawancara nelayan, serta studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekosistem lamun di Pulau Tidung dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber perikanan, habitat biota laut, kawasan wisata, serta berfungsi sebagai peredam gelombang, pengendap sedimen dan penyimpan karbon. Nilai rata-rata tutupan lamun sebesar 31,44% tergolong kurang sehat, dengan kerapatan rata-rata 94,67 ind/m² tergolong agak rapat serta ditemukan 4 jenis lamun, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, dan Cymodocea rotundata dengan sebaran yang cukup merata. Rata-rata hasil tangkapan nelayan mencapai 304,15 kg/tahun dengan nilai valuasi ekonomi sebesar Rp 234.002.370/tahun.

Seagrass meadow ecosystems play an important role through provisioning services like fisheries resources, regulating services such as wave attenuation and carbon storage, and cultural services that support tourism activities on Tidung Island. This study aims to identify the ecosystem services of seagrass meadows and estimate the economic value of their provisioning services. The methods used include field observations, interviews with fishermen, and literature review. Research results show that the seagrass ecosystem on Tidung Island is used as a source of fisheries, a habitat for marine life, a tourist area, and also functions as a wave breaker, sediment trap, and carbon storage. The average seagrass cover is 31.44%, which is considered unhealthy, with an average density of 94.67 ind/m², which is somewhat dense, and four types of seagrass were found: Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, and Cymodocea rotundata, with a fairly even distribution. On average, fishermen catch about 304.15 kg per year with an economic valuation of IDR 234,002,370 per year.