Komposisi dan Desitas Marine Debris pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Pantai Mekar Bekasi

Abstract

Marine debris menjadi ancaman bagi ekosistem mangrove yang berfungsi melindungi pantai dan menjebak sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi komposisi dan mengukur densitas marine debris serta menganalisis pengaruh kerapatan jenis dan relatif serta diameter batang mangrove terhadap densitas marine debris di Desa Pantai Mekar Bekasi. Sampel diambil di tiga stasiun menggunakan metode transek garis saat surut. Hasil menunjukkan plastik sebagai jenis sampah dominan (>80%), dengan densitas tertinggi di Stasiun 2 sebesar 30,08 gram/m2 Vegetasi mangrove didominasi oleh Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, dan Avicennia marina, dengan kerapatan tertinggi di Stasiun 2. Analisis korespondensi menunjukkan keterkaitan antara karakteristik mangrove dan jenis debris: Rhizophora apiculata berkerapatan sedang–rapat lebih terkait dengan plastik, Avicennia marina berkerapatan rapat dengan tekstil dan debris berukuran besar, sedangkan Rhizophora mucronata menunjukkan asosiasi yang lebih lemah. Temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar dalam penyusunan strategi pengelolaan mangrove dan pengendalian marine debris yang mempertimbangkan karakteristik vegetasi pada tingkat lokal.

Marine debris poses a significant threat to mangrove ecosystems, which play essential roles in coastal protection and sediment trapping. This study aimed to identify the composition and quantify the density of marine debris, as well as to analyze the influence of mangrove species density, relative density, and stem diameter on marine debris density in Pantai Mekar Village, Bekasi. Samples were collected from three stations using the line transect method during low tide. The results showed that plastic was the dominant type of marine debris (>80%), with the highest density recorded at Station 2 (30.08 g gram/m2). The mangrove vegetation was dominated by Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Avicennia marina, with the highest stand density also observed at Station 2. Correspondence analysis revealed associations between mangrove structural characteristics and debris types: medium- to high-density stands of Rhizophora apiculata were more strongly associated with plastic debris, dense stands of Avicennia marina with textile and larger-sized debris, whereas Rhizophora mucronata exhibited weaker associations. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing mangrove management and marine debris mitigation strategies that consider local vegetation characteristics