Identifikasi Kerusakan Mangrove sebagai Dasar Rehabilitasi di Gebang Mekar, Kabupaten Cirebon

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove Desa Gebang Mekar mengalami degradasi akibat konversi lahan tambak, aktivitas perikanan, dan pengembangan wisata pesisir yang berpotensi menurunkan kualitas habitat mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kerusakan mangrove dan kualitas lingkungan perairan sebagai dasar penyusunan arahan rehabilitasi mengrove di Gebang Mekar. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran kualitas perairan dan pengamatan vegetasi mangrove menggunakan metode line transect, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Kesehatan Mangrove (IKM) dan Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Mangrove (IKLM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan pohon mangrove tergolong rendah (167–333 ind/ha), dengan tutupan kanopi berkisar antara 63,47–67,36% (kategori sedang). Nilai IKM sebesar 36,55% berkategori sedang (moderate), sedangkan IKLM sebesar 84,72% berkategori tinggi. Rehabilitasi mangrove direkomendasikan melalui strategi replantasi menggunakan bambu ajir berjarak 100 cm serta pemilihan spesies yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi hidrologi dan salinitas.

The mangrove ecosystem in Gebang Mekar Village has experienced degradation due to pond conversion, fisheries activities, and coastal tourism development, which potentially reduce mangrove habitat quality. This study aimed to identify mangrove degradation and assess water environmental quality as a basis for developing mangrove rehabilitation recommendations in Gebang Mekar. Data were collected through water quality measurements and mangrove vegetation surveys using the line transect method and analyzed using the Mangrove Health Index (MHI) and Mangrove Environmental Quality Index (MEQI). The results showed that mangrove tree density was low, ranging from 167 to 333 ind/ha, while canopy cover ranged from 63.47% to 67.36%, indicating a moderate category. The MHI value was 36.55%, indicating moderate mangrove health, whereas the MEQI value was 84.72%, indicating high environmental quality. Mangrove rehabilitation is recommended through a replanting strategy using bamboo stakes spaced 100 cm apart and selecting species according to hydrological and salinity conditions.