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      Dampak Kebijakan Hilirisasi dan Kinerja Ekspor Komoditas Olahan Kakao Indonesia

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      Astuti, Oky Dwi
      Mulatsih, Sri
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      Abstract
      Ekspor kakao Indonesia yang masih didominasi bahan mentah menyebabkan rendahnya nilai tambah sehingga diperlukan kebijakan hilirisasi. Namun, nilai ekspor olahan kakao menunjukkan tren fluktuatif pasca kebijakan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja ekspor sebelum dan sesudah hilirisasi serta dampaknya terhadap nilai ekspor. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel periode 2005–2023 pada enam negara tujuan utama dan empat produk olahan kakao (HS 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806). Metode analisis meliputi RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil menunjukkan kebijakan hilirisasi meningkatkan daya saing, terutama pada HS 1803 dan HS 1804, namun belum merata karena HS 1806 masih rendah. Secara simultan, kebijakan hilirisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor. GDP riil negara tujuan dan daya saing (RCA) berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan nilai tukar riil berpengaruh negatif signifikan pada HS 1805 dan HS 1806. Tarif impor berpengaruh positif signifikan pada HS 1803.
       
      Indonesia’s cocoa exports are still dominated by raw materials, resulting in low value added and necessitating downstream policies. However, export values of processed cocoa have fluctuated after implementation. This study analyzes export performance before and after downstreaming and its impact on export value. Panel data from 2005–2023 covering six destination countries and four processed cocoa products (HS 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806) are used. Methods include RCA, EPD, XModel, and panel data regression. Results show downstreaming improves competitiveness, especially for HS 1803 and HS 1804, but not uniformly as HS 1806 remains relatively weak. The policy has a positive and significant effect on export value. Destination countries real GDP and competitiveness (RCA) positively and significantly affect exports, while the real exchange rate negatively affects HS 1805 and HS 1806. Import tariffs positively affect HS 1803.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174352
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      • UF - Economics and Development Studies [3241]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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