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      Produksi Cuka dari Limbah Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Acetobacter aceti

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      ADRIANEU, DEA
      Meryandini, Anja
      Sunarti, Titi Candra
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      Abstract
      Limbah kulit nanas merupakan hasil samping pengolahan buah nanas yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Limbah ini berpotensi diolah menjadi produk bernilai tambah seperti cuka melalui proses fermentasi. Pemanfaatan limbah tersebut dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengurangi limbah dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah kulit nanas sebagai bahan baku pembuatan produk asam asetat (cuka) melalui proses fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Acetobacter aceti. Metode penelitian meliputi karakterisasi morfologi mikroba, pembuatan kurva pertumbuhan mikroba, serta fermentasi alkohol dan fermentasi asam asetat. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH, kadar asam total, kadar gula total, kadar gula pereduksi, serta efisiensi pemanfaatan substrat dan pembentukan produk hasil fermentasi. Puncak laju pertumbuhan S. cerevisiae dan A. aceti pada fase eksponensial terjadi pada jam ke 3 hingga jam ke-6, dengan laju pertumbuhan spesifik masing-masing sebesar 0,721 jam-1 dan 0,497 jam-1. Fermentasi alkohol selama 10 hari dan fermentasi asam asetat selama 7 hari menghasilkan cuka dengan kadar asam asetat tertitrasi sebesar 5,10%, nilai pH sebesar 2,61, dan nilai YP/S 0,69. Kadar asam asetat tertitrasi yang diperoleh telah memenuhi ketetapan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-4371-1996. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa limbah kulit nanas berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku dalam produksi cuka yang sesuai standar.
       
      Pineapple peel waste is a by-product of fruit processing that has not been optimally utilized. This waste has the potential to be converted into value-added products such as vinegar through fermentation. The utilization offers an alternative approach to reducing waste while increasing economic value. This study aims to utilize pineapple peel waste as a raw material for producing acetic acid products (vinegar) through a fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter aceti. The research methods include microbial morphological characteristics, microbial growth curve development, alcoholic fermentation, and acetic acid fermentation. The parameters comprised pH, total acid content, total sugar content, reducing sugar content, and product yield (YP/S). The peak growth rates of S. cerevisiae and A. aceti during the exponential phase occurred between the 3rd to 6th hour, with specific growth rates of 0.721 h-1 and 0.497 h-1, respectively. Ten days of alcoholic fermentation followed by 7 days of acetic acid fermentation produced vinegar with an titrated acetic acid content of 5.10%, a pH of 2.61, and a YP/S value of 0,69. The titrated acetic acid content met the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-4371-1996. These finding indicate that pineapple peel waste has strong potential as a raw material for vinegar production that complies with established quality standards.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174248
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      • UF - Biology [2419]

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