Biokonversi Limbah Pangan menjadi Protein Pakan Hewan Uji Biomedis: Kasus Mencit (Mus musculus)

Abstract

Peningkatan timbulan food waste di perkotaan mendorong perlunya solusi pengelolaan limbah yang berkelanjutan dan bernilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung kinerja biokonversi larva Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) dalam mereduksi limbah pangan, menilai pengaruh pakan hasil biokonversi terhadap performa pertumbuhan mencit, serta membandingkan performa mencit yang diberi pakan berbasis larva BSF dengan pakan komersial. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Februari hingga Mei 2026 di School of Waste Management (SWAM) Kota Bogor dan Laboratorium Biotech Center IPB. Hasil biokonversi menunjukkan nilai tingkat reduksi sampah (D) sebesar 86,69%, WRI sebesar 5,8%/hari, dan FMCR sebesar 15,58 mg/larva/hari. Kandungan protein pakan berbasis larva BSF sebesar 20% telah memenuhi standar, namun kandungan lemak (3%) dan karbohidrat (71%) belum sepenuhnya sesuai syarat mutu. Performa pertumbuhan mencit menunjukkan nilai SR sebesar 100% pada kedua kelompok dan SGR Pakan A (1,22%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan Pakan B (1,08%). Hasil uji Independent Sample t-Test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua perlakuan (p = 0,96; p > 0,05), sehingga pakan berbasis larva BSF layak menjadi alternatif pakan mencit secara biologis.

The increasing generation of food waste in urban areas necessitates sustainable waste management solutions with added value. This study aimed to assess the bioconversion performance of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae in reducing food waste, evaluate the effect of bioconversion-based feed on mice growth performance, and compare mice performance between BSF-based and commercial feed. The study was conducted from February to May 2026 at the School of Waste and Management (SWAM), Bogor City, and the Biotech Center Laboratory of IPB University. Bioconversion results showed D of 86.69%, WRI of 5.8%/day, and FMCR of 15.58 mg/larva/day, indicating high efficiency of BSF larvae in reducing food waste. The protein content of BSF-based feed (20%) met the standard requirement, however fat content (3%) and carbohydrate content (71%) did not fully comply with quality standards. Both groups achieved SR of 100%, with SGR of Feed A (1.22%) slightly higher than Feed B (1.08%). Independent Sample t-Test results showed no significant difference between treatments (p = 0.96; p > 0.05), indicating that BSF-based feed is biologically viable as an alternative feed for mice.