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      Kajian Dampak Deforestasi terhadap Tingkat Risiko Longsor Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis di Wilayah Pulau Sumatra

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      HARTANTO, RAMADHAN ALKANDIO
      Suharnoto, Yuli
      Ramadhanis, Zainab
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      Abstract
      Konfigurasi geologis aktif dan deforestasi masif di Pulau Sumatra secara kritis menurunkan tingkat stabilitas lereng. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan tutupan lahan akibat deforestasi selama 10 tahun terakhir, menganalisis tingkat kerentanan, serta menganalisis pengaruh perubahan tingkat risiko tanah longsor pada berbagai skenario kondisi lingkungan berdasarkan kombinasi faktor fisik, deforestasi, dan variasi curah hujan di Provinsi Aceh, Sumatra Utara, dan Sumatra Barat. Integrasi algoritma Random Forest berbasis Google Earth Engine dan teknik weighted overlay diaplikasikan untuk pemodelan spasial. Hasil analisis mengungkap deforestasi kumulatif sebesar 20.210,92 ha pada periode 2023–2025. Penilaian indeks kerentanan menunjukkan akumulasi kerentanan sosial dan fisik terkonsentrasi di wilayah perkotaan, mengidentifikasi 359 kecamatan berkerentanan tinggi seluas 5.009.480,98 ha. Evaluasi multi-skenario membuktikan Skenario 2 memiliki validitas tertinggi dengan akurasi model mencapai 77,71%, di mana Provinsi Sumatra Barat secara konsisten mencatatkan luasan risiko tinggi paling signifikan mencapai 2.005.287,90 ha. Oleh karena itu, pemodelan risiko longsor ini dapat digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan kebijakan pemerintah dalam pengelolaan wilayah.
       
      Active geological conditions and extensive deforestation on Sumatra Island have significantly reduced slope stability. This study aimed to analyze land cover changes caused by deforestation, assess vulnerability levels, and evaluate landslide risk under different environmental scenarios in Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra Provinces. Spatial modeling was conducted using the Random Forest algorithm in Google Earth Engine and the weighted overlay technique. The results revealed cumulative deforestation of 20,210.92 ha during 2023–2025. Vulnerability assessment identified 359 sub-districts with high vulnerability covering 5,009,480.98 ha. Scenario 2 showed the highest model validity with an accuracy of 77.71%. West Sumatra Province consistently recorded the largest high-risk area, reaching 2,005,287.90 ha. Therefore, the landslide risk model can support government decision-making in regional management.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174167
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      • UF - Civil and Environmental Engineering [1088]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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