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      Identification and seed genetic purity assessment of hybrid rice using microsatellite marker

      Identifikasi dan evaluasi kemurnian genetik benih padi hibrida menggunakan marka mikrosatelit

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      Date
      2002
      Author
      Mulsanti, Indria Wahyu
      Surahman, Memen
      Wahyuni, Sri
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      Abstract
      Ensuring the genetic purity of hybrid seed is a prerequisite for successful production of hybrid rice. Hybrid seed often contaminated by crosses derived pollen from other varieties or the occurrence of selfing resulting from impurity parental line (Cytoplasmic Male Sterile). The objective of this study was to identify informative microsatellite marker (SSR) capable to distinguish hybrid rice parental lines and their utilization in seed purity assessment and to characterize the morphology of F1 hybrid rice to complement description of varieties. This study divided in two main activities: 1) identification of informative SSR markers capable of distinguishing hybrid rice parental line and 2) seed purity assessment based on SSR marker and morphological characteristics. Parental lines of five hybrids rice were used to identify the informative SSR marker and two hybrids (Hipa 6 and Hipa 7) used for purity assessment. Seven out of sixteen SSR markers produced polymorphic band and six markers capable to distinguish parental line of five hybrid rice. Microsatellite marker RM346 was specific used for testing genetic purity of Hipa 6 and RM206 for Hipa 7. This study showed that SSR markers were more reliable for assessing genetic purity compare to morphological characteristic.
       
      Benih dikatakan mempunyai mutu genetik yang baik apabila benih tersebut asli (true to type), sesuai dengan varietas yang dimaksud. Uji kemurnian benih merupakan tahapan yang harus dilakukan untuk mengendalikan mutu genetik dari suatu lot benih. Kemurnian genetik benih F1 merupakan hal yang sangat penting pada produksi benih padi hibrida. Adanya campuran pada benih padi hibrida dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi dan buruknya pertanaman di lapang. Di Indonesia, uji kemurnian benih menggunakan SSR belum banyak dilakukan pada padi khususnya padi hibrida. Marka SSR akan sangat bermanfat untuk mengetahui apakah benih padi hibrida betul hasil persilangan antar dua galur tetua pembentuknya. Oleh karena itu identifikasi marka-marka polimorfis dari galur-galur tetua perlu dilakukan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendapatkan marka SSR spesifik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi galur tetua beberapa varietas padi hibrida, serta melihat tingkat polimorfisme dari marka tersebut; 2) Mempelajari sterilitas malai beberapa galur mandul jantan; 3) Membandingkan uji kemurnian benih dengan SSR dan grow out test; 4) Mendapatkan karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari dua varietas padi hibrida (Hipa 6 dan Hipa 7) untuk melengkapi deskripsi varietas.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/17416
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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