Asesmen Kualitas Perairan Mangrove berdasarkan Komunitas Perifiton sebagai Dasar Strategi Pengelolaan Berkelanjutan

Abstract

Perifiton merupakan organisme yang hidup menempel pada substrat terendam dan responsif terhadap perubahan lingkungan sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bioindikator kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kualitas perairan ekosistem mangrove Desa Pasar Banggi, Kabupaten Rembang pada kondisi pasang dan surut berdasarkan komunitas perifiton. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan pada November 2025 di empat stasiun pengamatan. Analisis meliputi struktur komunitas perifiton, parameter fisika-kimia perairan, uji t, ANOSIM, NMDS, SIMPER, PCA, CCA, dan Indeks Diatom Nygaard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komunitas perifiton didominasi oleh Bacillariophyceae. Struktur komunitas perifiton serta parameter pH, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, dan ortofosfat berbeda nyata antara kondisi pasang dan surut. Berdasarkan Indeks Diatom Nygaard, seluruh stasiun tergolong oligotrofik saat pasang dan oligotrofik hingga mesotrofik saat surut. Komunitas perifiton berpotensi digunakan sebagai bioindikator dalam penilaian kualitas perairan mangrove.

Periphyton consists of organisms attached to submerged substrates and responds rapidly to environmental changes, making it a potential bioindicator of water quality. This study aimed to compare the water quality of the Pasar Banggi mangrove ecosystem, Rembang Regency, under high and low tide conditions based on periphyton communities. Sampling was conducted in November 2025 at four stations. Data were analyzed using periphyton community structure, physicochemical water parameters, t-tests, ANOSIM, NMDS, Similarity SIMPER, PCA, CCA, and the Nygaard Diatom Index. The results showed that the periphyton community was dominated by Bacillariophyceae. Periphyton community structure, water pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and orthophosphate differed significantly between high and low tide conditions. Based on the Nygaard Diatom Index, all stations were classified as oligotrophic during high tide and ranged from oligotrophic to mesotrophic during low tide. These findings demonstrate that periphyton has strong potential as a bioindicator for assessing mangrove water quality.