Analisis Komoditas Unggulan Subsektor Tanaman Pangan Kecamatan Tobadak Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Sulawesi Barat

Abstract

Perubahan struktur pertanian di Kecamatan Tobadak menunjukkan adanya pergeseran orientasi usahatani yang disertai oleh penurunan produksi pada beberapa komoditas tanaman pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komoditas basis dan nonbasis, pertumbuhan dan daya saing komoditas, kelayakan usahatani, serta merumuskan strategi pengembangan komoditas unggulan subsektor tanaman pangan di Kecamatan Tobadak. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share Analysis (SSA), R/C ratio, dan A’WOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komoditas jagung merupakan satu-satunya komoditas basis dengan nilai rata-rata LQ sebesar 1,14. Hasil SSA menunjukkan bahwa padi dan jagung memiliki pertumbuhan progresif dengan nilai Pergeseran Bersih (PB) masing-masing sebesar 911,19 dan 251,69. Hasil analisis R/C ratio menunjukkan bahwa usahatani jagung memiliki nilai kelayakan tertinggi sebesar 1,68. Berdasarkan integrasi hasil analisis jagung ditetapkan sebagai komoditas unggulan prioritas di Kecamatan Tobadak. Strategi prioritas pengembangan diarahkan pada penerapan budidaya jagung yang adaptif terhadap perubahan iklim.

Agricultural structural changes at Tobadak Subistrict showed a shift in farming orientation, followed by a decline in the production of several food crop commodities. This study aimed to analyze base and non-base commodities, commodity growth and competitiveness, farming feasibility, and development strategies for leading commodities in the food crop subsector at Tobadak Subistrict. The analytical methods used in this study included Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share Analysis (SSA), R/C ratio, and A’WOT. The results showed that maize was the only base commodity, with an average LQ value of 1,14. The SSA results showed that rice and maize had progressive growth, with Net Shift values of 911,19 and 251,69, respectively. The R/C ratio analysis showed that maize farming had the highest feasibility value of 1,68. Based on the integrated analysis, maize was determined as the priority leading commodity at Tobadak Subistrict. The priority development strategy was directed toward the implementation of adaptive maize cultivation to respond to climate change.