Efektivitas Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Pada Industri Air Minum Dalam Kemasan

Abstract

Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) merupakan sistem pengendalian pencemaran yang berfungsi menurunkan konsentrasi pencemar sebelum air limbah dibuang ke badan air penerima. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektivitas IPAL pada industri Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) di Kabupaten Bogor. Data primer diperoleh dari inlet IPAL selama November–Desember 2025 dan data sekunder dari outlet selama Januari–Desember 2025. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi pH, TSS, BOD5, serta minyak dan lemak menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran, beban pencemaran, efektivitas pengolahan, Uji Mann–Whitney, analisis Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), dan pemodelan kinetika orde satu dengan MATLAB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air limbah outlet secara umum memenuhi baku mutu yang berlaku. Nilai Indeks Pencemaran pada inlet tergolong tercemar ringan, sedangkan outlet didominasi kategori baik hingga tercemar ringan. Uji Mann–Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kualitas air inlet dan outlet (p < 0,05). Efektivitas penyisihan TSS mencapai 86,44% pada November dan 68,75% pada Desember. Sebaliknya, efektivitas BOD5 sebesar 45,45% dan -180%, sedangkan minyak dan lemak sebesar -100%. Analisis HRT dan pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar unit pengolahan belum memenuhi kriteria desain sehingga kinerja sistem belum optimal.

A Wastewater Treatment is a pollution control system that functions to reduce pollutant concentrations before wastewater is discharged into receiving water bodies. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a wastewater in a bottled drinking water industry in Bogor Regency. Primary data were collected from the inlet during November - December 2025, while secondary data were obtained from the outlet during Januari - December 2025. The analyzed parameters included pH, TSS, BOD, and oil and grease using the Pollution Index method, pollution load assessment, treatment effectiveness analysis, the Mann–Whitney test, Hydraulic Retention Time analysis, and first-order kinetic modeling with MATLAB. The results showed that the effluent quality generally complied with applicable standards. The Pollution Index classified the inlet as lightly polluted, while the outlet was predominantly categorized as good to lightly polluted. The Mann–Whitney test indicated a significant difference between influent and effluent quality (p < 0.05). TSS removal efficiencies reached 86.44% in November and 68.75% in December. In contrast, BOD5 removal efficiencies were 45.45% and -180%, while oil and grease exhibited a removal efficiency of -100%. HRT analysis and modeling showed that most treatment units did not meet the design criteria, resulting in suboptimal system performance.