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      emodelan Konsentrasi PM2.5 di Indonesia dengan Geographically and Temporally Weighted Random Forest dan Interpretasi Berbasis SHAP

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Purba, Sintong M.N
      Rizki, Akbar
      Angraini, Yenni
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      Abstract
      Konsentrasi particulate matter berukuran kurang dari 2.5 mikrometer (PM2.5) merupakan polutan udara yang berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan manusia dan bersifat heterogen secara spasial dan temporal. Penelitian ini menerapkan model Geographically and Temporally Weighted Random Forest (GTWRF) untuk memodelkan konsentrasi PM2.5 di Indonesia menggunakan data grid beresolusi 0.1° × 0.1° periode 2020–2024 dengan enam peubah prediktor meliputi suhu udara, tekanan udara, curah hujan, leaf area index, kecepatan angin, dan jumlah penduduk. Model GTWRF terbukti menghasilkan performa yang lebih unggul dengan nilai root mean square error (RMSE) sebesar 3.113 dan R^2 sebesar 0.903 dibandingkan dengan dibandingkan random forest global dengan nilai RMSE 5.306 dan R^2 0.703. Interpretasi model melalui nilai Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) yang diringkas menggunakan algoritme clustering large applications (CLARA) menghasilkan lima gerombol wilayah dengan karakteristik pengaruh peubah yang berbeda dan dinamis sepanjang periode pengamatan. Curah hujan dan kecepatan angin merupakan peubah paling dominan yang arah dan besar pengaruhnya sangat dikendalikan oleh siklus La Niña dan El Niño.
       
      The concentration of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) is an air pollutant that has a serious impact on human health and is heterogeneously distributed both spatially and temporally. This study applies the geographically and temporally weighted random forest (GTWRF) model to simulate PM2.5 concentrations in Indonesia using 0.1° × 0.1° grid data for the period 2020–2024, with six predictors variables including air temperature, air pressure, rainfall, leaf area index, wind speed, and population. The GTWRF model proved to perform better than the global random forest, with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 3.113 and an R² of 0.903, compared to an RMSE of 5.306 and an R² of 0.703. Model interpretation through Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) summarized using the algorithm clustering large applications (CLARA), resulted in five regional clusters characterized by different and dynamic influences of the variables throughout the observation period. Rainfall and wind speed were the most dominant variables, with their direction and magnitude of influence being highly controlled by the La Niña and El Niño cycles.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173790
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      • UF - Statistics and Data Sciences [103]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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