Perencanaan Sistem Pemanenan Air Hujan pada Bangunan Greenhouse Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung

Abstract

Greenhouse Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung masih menggunakan air sumur dengan pH bernilai 8,9-9 yang kurang sesuai untuk tanaman, sehingga air hujan menjadi alternatif sumber air. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan potensi air hujan yang dapat dipanen, merancang desain, menentukan efektivitas dan efisiensi pemanfaatan, dan biaya perencanaan SPAH. Metode menggunakan data primer berupa luas atap dan kebutuhan air tanaman serta data sekunder berupa data curah hujan dan iklim BMKG Geofisika Bandung serta gambar ABD greenhouse. Analisis curah hujan rencana menggunakan distribusi Log Pearson III dan perencanaan SPAH mengacu pada FAO, SNI 03-7065-2005 dan SNI 8153:2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi air hujan yang dapat dipanen 177,19 m3/tahun dari atap seluas 160 m2. SPAH dirancang dengan kapasitas penampungan 10 m3 dan efektivitas pemanfaatan air hujan sebesar 83% per tahun. Biaya pembangunan SPAH sebesar Rp 52.411.135,90 termasuk PPN 12% dengan potensi penghematan sebesar Rp 3.568.646,40 per tahun, serta mendukung konservasi air, pengurangan limpasan dan peningkatan kesadaran pengelolaan SDA.

The greenhouse at Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung currently relies on groundwater with a pH of 8.9–9, which is less suitable for plant growth. Therefore, rainwater was proposed as an alternative water source. This study aimed to determine the potential volume of harvested rainwater, design the RWHS, evaluate its effectiveness and efficient, and estimate the construction cost. The study used primary data, including roof area and plant water demand, and secondary data, including rainfall and climate data from the BMKG Geofisika Bandung and greenhouse as-built drawings. Design rainfall analysis was conducted using the Log Pearson III distribution, while the RWHS design referred to FAO guidelines, SNI 03-7065-2005, and SNI 8153:2015. The results showed a harvestable rainwater potential of 177.19 m³/year from a 160 m² roof area. The RWHS was designed with a storage capacity of 10 m³ and achieved an average utilization effectiveness of 83% per year. The construction cost was estimated at IDR 52.411.135 including 12% VAT, and generated annual savings of IDR 3.568.646 (73%), and environmental benefits include while water conservation, reduced surface runoff, and improved awareness of sustainable water resource management.