Analisis Kinerja Rantai Pasok Jambu Mete di Kawasan Transmigrasi Tambora Kabupaten Bima

Abstract

Kinerja rantai pasok jambu mete di Kawasan Transmigrasi Tambora masih menghadapi permasalahan pada distribusi yang panjang, penanganan pascapanen yang belum optimal, serta tingginya biaya distribusi yang menyebabkan posisi tawar petani relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur dan kinerja rantai pasok, menentukan prioritas indikator kinerja dan menilai kelayakan ekonomi setelah perbaikan rantai pasok menggunakan metode Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN), Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), dan R/C Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rantai pasok melibatkan petani, pengepul kecil, dan pengepul besar sebagai pelaku utama sebelum produk didistribusikan ke luar daerah untuk proses pengolahan lanjutan, dengan nilai kinerja rantai pasok sebesar 80,72 yang termasuk kategori baik, meskipun masih terdapat kelemahan pada ketepatan distribusi, penanganan pascapanen, dan efisiensi biaya transportasi. Perbaikan dilakukan melalui pendirian unit pengolahan jambu mete di tingkat lokal sehingga dapat meningkatkan koordinasi antar pelaku, serta pemendekan rantai distribusi sehingga biaya transportasi berkurang.

The cashew nut supply chain performance in the Tambora Transmigration Area still faces several challenges, including long distribution channels, suboptimal post-harvest handling, and high distribution costs, which weaken farmers’ bargaining positions. This study aimed to analyze the structure and performance of the supply chain, determine the priority of performance indicators, and assess the economic feasibility after supply chain improvements using the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN), Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and R/C Ratio methods. The results showed that the supply chain involves farmers, small collectors, and large collectors as the main actors before the products are distributed outside the region for further processing, with a supply chain performance score of 80.72, which is categorized as good. However, weaknesses were still identified in distribution accuracy, post-harvest handling, and transportation cost efficiency. Improvements were proposed through the establishment of local cashew processing units to strengthen coordination among supply chain actors and shorten the distribution chain, thereby reducing transportation costs.