Evaluasi Daya Hasil dan Kualitas Hasil pada 10 Genotipe Jagung Manis Hibrida di Benteng, Campaka, Purwakarta

Abstract

Evaluasi daya hasil dan kualitas hasil jagung manis diperlukan untuk pengembangan produksi jagung manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi daya hasil dan kualitas hasil 10 genotipe jagung manis hibrida. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2025 di Kebun Benih Utama PT. East West Seed Indonesia, Campaka, Purwakarta, Jawa Barat. Penelitian terdiri atas 1 faktor, yaitu 10 genotipe hibrida jagung manis yang ditanam menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan tiga ulangan sehingga terdapat 30 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan daya hasil dan kualitas hasil diantara 10 genotipe hibrida jagung manis hibrida, kecuali karakter anthesis silking interval (ASI), umur panen, diameter batang, lebar daun, jumlah daun dan persentase dua tongkol per tanaman. Genotipe jagung manis hibrida Paragon (24,66 ton ha? ¹) dan Ewindo 2 (22,63 ton ha? ¹) menunjukkan daya hasil tertinggi di antara genotipe yang diuji. Genotipe jagung manis hibrida Secada, Madu dan Paragon dengan waktu 50% biji keriput lebih lama mencapai 5 hari setelah panen. Padatan terlarut total tertinggi dihasilkan oleh genotipe jagung manis hibrida Exsotic (12,36 °Brix), sedangkan kandungan fruktosa dan glukosa tertinggi dimiliki oleh genotipe Ewindo 1 (15,08%).

Evaluation of yield and quality traits is essential for the development of sweet corn production. This study aimed to evaluate the yield and quality performance of 10 hybrid sweet corn genotypes. The research was conducted from July to October 2025 at the Main Seed Garden of PT. East West Seed Indonesia, Campaka, Purwakarta, West Java. The study used one factor consisting of 10 hybrid sweet corn genotypes arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, resulting in 30 experimental units. The results showed significant differences in yield potential and quality among the ten hybrid sweet corn genotypes, except for anthesis-silking interval (ASI), harvest age, stem diameter, leaf width, number of leaves, and the percentage of plants producing two ears. The hybrid sweet corn genotypes Paragon (24.66 t ha? ¹) and Ewindo 2 (22.63 t ha? ¹) exhibited the highest yields among the genotypes tested. The hybrid sweet corn genotypes Secada, Madu, and Paragon maintained kernel quality longer, requiring up to five days after harvest to reach 50% kernel shriveling. The highest total soluble solids content was recorded in the hybrid sweet corn genotype Exotic (12.36 °Brix), whereas the highest fructose and glucose content was observed in Ewindo 1 (15.08%).