Variasi Naungan terhadap Pertumbuhan, Kadar Klorofil, dan Kadar Total Pati Tanaman Miana (Coleus scutellarioides (L) Benth.)

Abstract

Tanaman miana (Coleus scutellarioides) merupakan tanaman herbal karena kandungan senyawa bioaktif serta sebagai tanaman hias karena karakteristik warna daun yang menarik. Intensitas cahaya menjadi faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, kadar klorofil, dan kadar total pati tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis variasi tingkat naungan terbaik untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan, kadar klorofil, dan total pati paling tinggi pada tanaman miana. Variasi tingkat naungan yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 25%, 50%, dan 75%. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu parameter pertumbuhan, laju fotosintesis, kadar klorofil, dan kadar total pati daun miana. Perlakuan naungan menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada tinggi tanaman (TT), jumlah daun (JD), jumlah cabang ( JC), dan jumlah tunas (JT) selama 8 minggu pengamatan. Perlakuan naungan 50% menghasilkan parameter pertumbuhan yang berkorelasi positif. Laju fotosintesis tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan 50% dengan nilai 1,78 ± 0,80 µmol.m-2.s-1. Perlakuan naungan dengan total kadar klorofil tertinggi terdapat pada naungan 75% dengan nilai 2,26 ± 0,50 mg.g-1. Total pati tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan naungan 0% dengan nilai 15,60 ± 0,86 g/100g.

The miana plant (Coleus scutellarioides) is valued both as a medicinal herb, due to its bioactive compounds, and as an ornamental plant, owing to its attractive leaf coloration. Light intensity is a key environmental factor influencing plant growth, chlorophyll content, and total starch content. This study aimed to determine the optimal shading level to achieve maximum growth, chlorophyll content, and total starch content in miana plants. Shade treatments included 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Researchers measured growth traits, photosynthetic rate, total chlorophyll, and total leaf starch. Shading treatments resulted in significant differences in plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), number of branches (NB), and number of shoots (NS) throughout the 8-week observation period. Plants under 50% shade showed the best overall growth. The highest photosynthetic rate was found at 50% shade (1,78 ± 0,80a µmol.m-2.s-¹). The most chlorophyll was measured at 75% shade (2.26 ± 0.50 mg g?¹), while the most starch was found at 0% shade (15.60 ± 0.86 g 100 g?¹).