Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Lipase Pankreas oleh Kombinasi Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) dan Daun Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia)

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan kondisi lemak berlebih dalam tubuh yang dapat mengganggu kondisi kesehatan. Orlistat umumnya obat yang efektif sebagai antiobesitas, namun efek samping yang ditimbulkan perlu diperhatikan. Daun jambu biji dan jati belanda diketahui berpotensi menginhibisi lipase pankreas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan efek kombinasi ekstrak daun jambu dan jati belanda berdasarkan kadar total fenolik, total flavonoid, aktivitas antioksidan, dan inhibisi lipase pankreas secara in vitro. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan sonikasi menggunakan etanol 70% dan dikombinasikan dengan bantuan Simple Lattice Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak tunggal daun jambu biji memiliki kadar fenolik, aktivitas antioksidan (DPPH dan FRAP) terbaik, yaitu 110,0 ± 0,54 mg GAE/g ekstrak, 620,4 ± 15,17 mg TE/g ekstrak, dan 94,26 ± 5,36 mg TE/g ekstrak. Kadar flavonoid total terbaik pada kombinasi daun jambu biji dan daun jati belanda rasio 2:1. Aktivitas inhibisi lipase pankreas terbaik oleh ekstrak daun jati belanda tunggal (47,77 ± 2,03%) lebih rendah dari orlistat (88,08 ± 0,33%).

Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the body that can negatively affect health. Orlistat is commonly used as an effective anti-obesity drug, however its side effects need to be considered. Guava and west indian elm leaves have potential to inhibit pancreatic lipase. This study aimed to determine the best combination of guava and west indian elm extracts based on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and pancreatic lipase inhibition in vitro. Extraction was carried out using the sonication with 70% ethanol as the solvent and optimized using Simple Lattice Design. The results showed that the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP) were obtained from the single guava leaf extract, with values of 110,0 ± 0,54 mg GAE/g extract, 620,4 ± 1517 mg TE/g extract, and 94,26 ± 5,36 mg TE/g extract. The highest total flavonoid content was observed in the combination of guava and west indian elm leaves at a 2:1 ratio. The highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was the single west indian elm extract (47.77 ± 2.03%) which was lower than orlistat (88.08 ± 0,33%).