Evaluasi Daya Hasil dan Kualitas Hasil Hibrida Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt. L) di Jambudipa, Cisarua, Bandung Barat.

Abstract

Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt. L) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai ekonomi tinggi dengan permintaan yang terus meningkat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakter daya hasil dan kualitas hasil 10 hibrida jagung manis di Jambudipa, Cisarua, Bandung Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli hingga November 2025 menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal berupa genotipe dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 30 satuan percobaan. Pada setiap satuan percobaan terdapat 30 tanaman. Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dianalisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata jujur dengan taraf 5% serta dilakukan analisis korelasi pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keragaman pada daya hasil dan kualitas hasil hibrida jagung manis di lokasi dataran tinggi Jambudipa. Madu menghasilkan produktivitas tertinggi (23,96 ton ha-1). Sementara itu, EWINDO 1 menunjukkan keunggulan kualitas hasil, yaitu aspek tingkat kemanisan meliputi padatan terlarut total (15,37 °Brix), kadar fruktosa (15,38%), dan kadar glukosa (15,38%) serta umur daya simpan tongkol tanpa kelobot terpanjang yaitu 5 hari setelah panen. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, hibrida EWINDO 1 dan Madu direkomendasikan sebagai genotipe yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Jambudipa, Cisarua, Bandung Barat.

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt. L) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value and increasing demand in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the yield and quality characteristics of 10 sweet corn hybrids in Jambudipa, Cisarua, West Bandung. The study was conducted from July to November 2025 using a single-factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications, resulting in 30 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 30 plants. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed for variance, followed by an honest significant difference test at a 5% level, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that there was diversity in the yield and quality of sweet corn hybrids in the Jambudipa highland area. Honey produced the highest productivity (23,96 tons ha-1). Meanwhile, EWINDO 1 showed superior yield quality, namely aspects of sweetness levels including total soluble solids (15,37 °Brix), fructose content (15,38%), and glucose content (15,38%) as well as the longest shelf life of corn cobs without husks, namely 5 days after harvest. Based on these results, the EWINDO 1 and Madu hybrids are recommended as potential genotypes to be developed in Jambudipa, Cisarua, West Bandung.