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      Analisis Keragaman Genetik Mutan Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Nabilla, Yasmin Nuha
      Tjahjoleksono, Aris
      Miftahudin
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      Abstract
      Nanas Toboali merupakan kultivar Smooth Cayenne yang dibudidayakan di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Nanas Toboali mengandung antioksidan tinggi namun rentan terhadap cekaman oksidatif dan pertumbuhannya lambat. Upaya untuk perbaikan sifat tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan mutagenesis. Mutagenesis menggunakan sinar gama dapat mengubah sekuens DNA secara acak. Hasil mutagenesis perlu dianalisis secara molekuler untuk memastikan perubahan yang terjadi pada tingkat DNA. Klon nanas Toboali koleksi Pusat Bioteknologi IPB telah diiradiasi menggunakan sinar gama dosis 60, 75, 90, dan 100 Gy untuk menghasilkan mutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaman klon mutan mutan nanas Toboali berdasarkan markah RAPD dan ISSR. DNA genom diisolasi menggunakan metode setiltrimetilamonium bromida (CTAB), kemudian diamplifikasi dengan PCR menggunakan primer random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) dan inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Persentase polimorfisme markah RAPD dan ISSR berturut-turut 66,67 dan 51,86%. Berdasarkan analisis klaster dendrogram dan analisis komponen utama, 11 klon terbagi menjadi 6 klaster. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa markah RAPD dan ISSR mampu menunjukkan keragaman genetik mutan nanas hasil iradiasi sinar gama.
       
      Toboali pineapple, a Smooth Cayenne cultivar from the Bangka Belitung Islands, is known for its high antioxidant content but is susceptible to oxidative stress and slow growth. To improve its characteristics, mutation breeding using gamma irradiation at doses of 60, 75, 90, and 100 Gy was applied. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 11 mutant clones using RAPD and ISSR markers. Genomic DNA was isolated using the CTAB method and amplified through PCR. The results showed polymorphism levels of 66.67% for RAPD and 51.86% for ISSR markers. Cluster analysis using dendrogram and principal component analysis (PCA) grouped the clones into six clusters, indicating significant genetic variation. These findings demonstrate that RAPD and ISSR markers are effective tools for assessing diversity in gamma-irradiated Toboali pineapple mutants.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173092
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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