Potensi Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa) dan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Sebagai Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Lipase Pankreas

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan kelainan metabolik dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) >30 yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit degeneratif seperti penyakit jantung, stroke, dan diabetes. Obat antiobesitas seperti orlistat efektif, namun berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping sehingga diperlukan alternatif dari bahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan efek kombinasi ekstrak etanol 70% daun srikaya (Annona squamosa) dan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berdasarkan kadar fitokimia, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas inhibisi lipase pankreas dariEkstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode sonikasi, diikuti formulasi kombinasi dan pengujian kadar fenolik total (TPC), flavonoid total (TFC), kapasitas antioksidan metode DPPH dan FRAP, serta inhibisi lipase pankreas. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak tunggal daun srikaya memiliki aktivitas tertinggi, dengan TPC 95,15 mg GAE/g, TFC 47,57 mg QE/g, DPPH 395,10 mg TE/g, FRAP 476,30 mg TE/g, serta inhibisi lipase 64,15%. Kombinasi ekstrak menunjukkan efek sinergis pada aktivitas DPPH dan inhibisi lipase pankreas, namun cenderung antagonis pada TPC, TFC, dan FRAP.

Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by a body mass index (BMI) >30 and is associated with an increased risk of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes. Anti-obesity drugs such as orlistat are effective; however, they may cause side effects, highlighting the need for natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a combination of 70% ethanol extracts of sugar apple leaves (Annona squamosa) and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) based on phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Extraction was carried out using a sonication method, followed by formulation of extract combinations and evaluation of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity using DPPH and FRAP methods, and lipase inhibition. The results showed that the single extract of sugar apple leaves exhibited the highest activity, with TPC of 95.15 mg GAE/g, TFC of 47.57 mg QE/g, DPPH of 395.10 mg TE/g, FRAP of 476.30 mg TE/g, and lipase inhibition of 64.15%. The extract combination showed synergistic effects on DPPH activity and pancreatic lipase inhibition, but tended to be antagonistic for TPC, TFC, and FRAP.