Kapaasitas Fenolik, FLavonoid, Antioksidan, dan Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Bagian Tanaman Celosia cristata

Abstract

ZAKI FADHLURRAHMAN IBRAHIM. Kapasitas Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Antioksidan Terhadap Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Bagian Tanaman Celosia cristata. Dibimbing oleh WARAS NURCHOLIS dan POPI ASRI KURNIATIN. Setiap bagian tanaman Celosia cristata mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai agen terapeutik. Perbedaan fungsi antar bagian tanaman diduga memengaruhi perbedaan kapasitas metabolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi polifenol, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas antiinflamasi in vitro ekstrak etanol 80% dari setiap bagian tanaman Celosia cristata. Kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid ditentukan melalui metode Folin–Ciocalteu dan AlCl3, sedangkan kapasitas antioksidan melalui penangkapan radikal (DPPH) dan kapasitas reduksi (FRAP). Aktivitas antiinflamasi ditentukan dengan stabilisasi membran sel darah merah. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar bagian tanaman. Ekstrak etanol biji memiliki nilai tertinggi sebesar 43,081 ± 0,70 mg GAE/g BK pada fenolik dan 54,852 ± 1,22 mg QE/g BK pada flavonoid. Ekstrak etanol daun memiliki kapasitas DPPH terbaik 31,825 ± 0,55 µmol TE/g BK, sementara kapasitas FRAP tertinggi dimiliki ekstrak etanol biji sebesar 183,575 ± 2,88 µmol TE/g BK. Ekstrak etanol akar memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi terbaik dengan nilai IC50 terendah 1677,257 µg/ml. Analisis korelasi menyatakan, kadar polifenol total tidak selalu berkorelasi linier dengan aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi.

ZAKI FADHLURRAHMAN IBRAHIM. Phenolic, Flavonoid, and Antioxidant Capacities Against the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extracts from Parts of the Celosia cristata Plant. Supervised by WARAS NURCHOLIS and POPI ASRI KURNIATIN. Every part of the Celosia cristata plant contains secondary metabolites with potential as therapeutic agents. Differences in physiological functions among plant parts are thought to influence variations in metabolite content. This study aimed to evaluate polyphenol, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 80% ethanol extracts from every part of Celosia cristata. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods, while antioxidant capacity was assessed via radical scavenging (DPPH) and reducing capacity (FRAP). Anti-inflammatory activity was determined via red blood cell membrane stabilization. The results showed significant differences among plant parts. The seed ethanol extract had the highest values of 43.081 ± 0.70 mg GAE/g DW for phenolics and 54.852 ± 1.22 mg QE/g DW for flavonoids. The leaf ethanol extract had the best DPPH capacity at 31.825 ± 0.55 µmol TE/g DW, while the seed ethanol extract had the highest FRAP capacity at 183.575 ± 2.88 µmol TE/g DW. The root ethanol extract exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory activity with the lowest IC50 value of 1677,257 µg/ml. Correlation analysis indicated that total polyphenol content did not always show a linear correlation with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.