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      EFFECT OF VERMICOMPOST PRIMING ON SEED VIABILITY AND VIGOR, AND PLANT GROWTH OF EXPIRED COMPOSITE MAIZE VARIETIES

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Roger, Theodore Hesed
      Ilyas, Satriyas
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh vermicompost priming (Vp) terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih serta pertumbuhan tanaman tiga varietas jagung komposit yang telah kedaluwarsa (benih telah disimpan 3 tahun pada kondisi ±20 °C, RH 60–65%). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain split-plot dengan empat ulangan, menggunakan tiga varietas jagung komposit (Sukmaraga, Lamuru, dan Srikandi Kuning) sebagai plot utama. Sub-plot terdiri atas kontrol tanpa perlakuan, dan Vp 15% selama 18 jam. Perlakuan Vp ini diterapkan dalam studi laboratorium yang menguji viabilitas dan vigor benih setelah penyimpanan ulang selama 3 bulan pada kondisi ±20 °C, RH 65% (percobaan 1) dan studi lapangan yang mengevaluasi pertumbuhan tanaman (percobaan 2). Hasil percobaan 1 menunjukkan bahwa Vp yang diikuti penyimpanan ulang selama 3 bulan menurunkan secara signifikan viabilitas (daya berkecambah turun dari 91,0% menjadi 84,8%) dan vigor benih (indeks vigor), yang mengindikasikan bahwa priming dan redrying benih yang tidak optimal (kadar air benih menjadi 12,5% lebih tinggi daripada kadar air awal 10,4%), diikuti dengan penyimpanan 3 bulan menyebabkan deteriorasi lebih lanjut benih yang telah kedaluwarsa. Percobaan 2, performa lapangan lebih didorong oleh faktor genetik; Sukmaraga dan Lamuru menunjukkan ketahanan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan Srikandi Kuning. Perlakuan Vp pada awalnya memicu perlambatan pertumbuhan (growth lag) di mana benih memprioritaskan perbaikan metabolik daripada perkembangan fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vermicompost priming tidak dapat sepenuhnya memperbaiki kerusakan fisiologis pada benih jagung yang telah disimpan selama 3 tahun.
       
      This study evaluated vermicompost priming (Vp) on seed viability and vigor, and plant growth of three 3-year-aged (expired seeds stored at ±20 °C and RH 60-65%) composite maize varieties. This study followed a split-plot design with four replicates, using three composite maize varieties (Sukmaraga, Lamuru, and Srikandi Kuning) as main plots. The subplots consisted of the untreated control and 15% vermicompost priming for 18 hours. This Vp seed treatment was applied across a laboratory study testing seed viability and vigor after 3-month re-storage at ±20 °C and RH 60-65% (experiment 1) and a field study assessing plant growth (experiment 2). The result of experiment 1 showed that Vp, followed by 3-month re-storage, significantly reduced seed viability (germination fell from 91.0% to 84.8%) and vigor (vigor index), indicating that the priming-suboptimal redrying (seed moisture content becomes 12.5% higher than the initial moisture content of 10.4%), and subsequent 3-month storage cause further deterioration of expired seeds. In experiment 2, field performance was driven by genetics; Sukmaraga and Lamuru exhibited superior resilience compared to Srikandi Kuning. Vermicompost priming did not improve field emergence and survival. Results suggest that vermicompost priming cannot fully mitigate the physiological damage of 3-year-old seeds.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172907
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7634]

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