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      Analisis Perubahan Bahaya Erosi di DAS Cisadane pada Periode 2014, 2019, dan 2024

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Saputra, Yanuar Bayu
      Hendrayanto
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      Abstract
      Erosi merupakan masalah utama dalam pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) karena dapat menurunkan kualitas lahan dan memicu sedimentasi sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran kelas bahaya erosi di DAS Cisadane pada tahun 2014, 2019, dan 2024 serta menganalisis perubahan distribusi spasialnya. Erosi dianalisis menggunakan model Universal Soil Loss Equation berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis, menggunakan data curah hujan, jenis tanah, topografi, dan tutupan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas bahaya erosi pada tahun 2014 didominasi oleh kelas sangat ringan (44,95%) dan kelas sangat berat (25,40%). Kelas Bahaya Erosi pada tahun 2019 cenderung membaik dengan peningkatan kelas sangat ringan menjadi 51,70% dan penurunan kelas sangat berat menjadi 17,14%, tetapi pada tahun 2024, kondisi kembali memburuk dengan penurunan kelas sangat ringan (47,91%) dan peningkatan kelas sangat berat (21,97%). Secara spasial, wilayah tengah dan hulu DAS secara konsisten rentan terhadap erosi akibat curah hujan yang tinggi, kemiringan lereng yang curam, dan praktik pemanfaatan lahan yang kurang memperhatikan konservasi tanah dan air. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa upaya konservasi tanah dan perbaikan tutupan lahan perlu difokuskan di wilayah hulu dan tengah DAS Cisadane untuk mengurangi risiko erosi berlebih dan menjaga keberlanjutan fungsi hidrologis DAS.
       
      Erosion is a major problem in watershed management because it can reduce land quality and trigger river sedimentation. This study aims to determine the distribution of erosion hazard classes in the Cisadane Watershed in 2014, 2019, and 2024 and analyse changes in its spatial distribution. Erosion was analysed using a Geographic Information System-based Universal Soil Loss Equation model, using data on rainfall, soil type, topography, and land use. The results showed that the Erosion Hazard Class in 2014 was dominated by the Very Light Class (44.95%) and the Very Heavy Class (25.40%). The Erosion Hazard Class in 2019 tended to improve with an increase in the Very Light Class to 51.70% and a decrease in the Very Heavy Class to 17.14%, but in 2024, conditions deteriorated again with a decrease in the Very Light Class (47.91%) and an increase in the Very Heavy Class (21.97%). Spatially, the central and upstream areas of the watershed are consistently vulnerable to erosion due to high rainfall, steep slopes, and land use practices that do not take soil and water conservation into account. These findings confirm that soil conservation and land use improvement efforts need to be focused on the upper and middle reaches of the Cisadane River Basin to reduce the risk of excessive erosion and maintain the sustainability of the basin's hydrological functions.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171772
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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