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      Ekstrak Komponen Aktif Daun Rhizophora mucronata Hasil Biotransformasi Kapang Laut sebagai Antioksidan dalam Sediaan Essence Sheet Mask

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      P, Wisda Samosir
      Hardiningtyas, Safrina Dyah
      Setyaningsih, Iriani
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      Abstract
      Bakau Rhizophora mucronata dikenal memiliki potensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami berkat kandungan senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, tanin, fenol, dan steroid. Potensi ini dapat ditingkatkan melalui proses biotransformasi menggunakan kapang endofit laut Fomitopsis sp. KTR51. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak R. mucronata sebelum dan sesudah biotransformasi, mengevaluasi profil komponen bioaktif dari kedua ekstrak, serta mengaplikasikan ekstrak ke dalam sediaan essence sheet mask. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu ekstraksi daun R. mucronata, biotransformasi menggunakan kapang laut Fomitopsis sp. KTR51, analisis perubahan aktivitas antioksidan dan komponen bioaktif, serta aplikasi dalam sediaan essence sheet mask. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi uji derajat keasaman, homogenitas, stabilitas, viskositas, efek kelembapan, dan release study. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biotransformasi (BRm) memiliki rendemen sebesar 6,45% dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 39,18 ppm, lebih baik dibandingkan dari ekstrak R. mucronata (Rm) (4,35%; IC50 53,85 ppm), hal ini mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan. hasil fitokimia menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa tanin, flavonoid, fenol, dan steroid pada kedua ekstrak. Perubahan profil senyawa aktif setelah biotransformasi terlihat melalui KLT, dengan munculnya spot baru dan hilangnya beberapa spot lama. Perubahan ini sejalan dengan hasil analisis GC-MS yang menunjukkan adanya komponen baru dan hilangnya beberapa senyawa awal dalam ekstrak setelah biotransformasi. Formulasi essence sheet mask menggunakan ekstrak menunjukkan karakteristik yang baik yang sesuai untuk sediaan topikal, homogenitas yang merata, serta stabil selama tiga hari penyimpanan. Meskipun nilai viskositas masih di bawah standar, kondisi ini dapat diperbaiki melalui modifikasi formula. Uji kelembapan menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis essence mampu meningkatkan kelembapan kulit yang termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat lembap. Essence ekstrak biotransformasi R. mucronata menunjukkan nilai pelepasan kumulatif yang lebih tinggi (22,04±1,29%).
       
      Rhizophora mucronata mangrove is known for its potential as a natural antioxidant source due to its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and steroids. This potential can be enhanced through a biotransformation process using the marine endophytic fungus Fomitopsis sp. KTR51. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant activity of R. mucronata extract before and after biotransformation, evaluate the bioactive component profiles of both extracts, and apply them to an essence sheet mask formulation. The research was carried out through several stages, including extraction of R. mucronata leaves, biotransformation using the marine fungus Fomitopsis sp. KTR51, analysis of antioxidant activity and bioactive component changes, and formulation of the essence sheet mask. Evaluation of the formulation included pH, homogeneity, stability, viscosity, moisturizing effect, and release study. The results showed that the biotransformed extract (BRm) had a yield of 6.45% and an IC50 value of 39.18 ppm, which was higher than that of the non-biotransformed extract (Rm) (4.35%; IC50 53.85 ppm), indicating enhanced antioxidant activity. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and steroids in both extracts. Changes in the active compound profiles were observed on TLC, with the appearance of new spots and the disappearance of some existing ones. This was consistent with GC-MS analysis, which revealed the emergence of new compounds and the loss of several initial components after biotransformation. The formulated essence sheet mask demonstrated good characteristics suitable for topical application, uniform homogeneity, and stability over three days of storage. Although the viscosity value was slightly below the standard, it can be improved by adjusting the formula. The moisturizing test indicated that both types of essence significantly increased skin hydration, reaching the moist category. The essence containing biotransformed R. mucronata extract showed a higher cumulative release value (22.04 ± 1.29%).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171555
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      • MT - Fisheries [3193]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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