Penghambatan Peroksidasi Lipid Hati Tikus Hiperkolesterolemia oleh Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya dan Daun Pulai

Abstract

Ekstrak tunggal daun pepaya dan daun pulai memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan hipolipidemia serta kombinasi 1:1 ekstrak air keduanya sinergis menghambat enzim kunci sintesis kolesterol. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan penghambatan peroksidasi lipid, penurunan kadar kolesterol, dan aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD) oleh kombinasi 1:1 ekstrak air daun pepaya dan daun pulai (400 mg/KgBB/hari) pada hati tikus terinduksi hiperkolesterolemia. Rancangan metode penelitian meliputi 20 ekor Sprague dawyley jantan dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok (n=5): normal, hiperkolesterolemia, pengobatan lovastatin, dan pengobatan kombinasi ekstrak. Perlakuan diberikan selama 10 minggu. Hasil menunjukkan kadar lipid peroksida meningkat 3 kali lipat oleh induksi hiperkolesterolemia dibarengi 2,1 kali lipat kenaikan kolesterol serta penurunan aktivitas SOD sebesar 23,9%. Kombinasi ekstrak menurunkan 54,0% kadar kolesterol dengan efektivitas setara lovastatin serta meningkatkan 14,6% aktivitas SOD. Peroksidasi lipid terhambat 39,3% oleh kombinasi ekstrak. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah peroksidasi lipid hati tikus hiperkolesterolemia terhambat oleh kombinasi ekstrak melalui penurunan kadar kolesterol dan peningkatan aktivitas SOD.

Single extracts of papaya leaves and pulai leaves possess antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities, and a 1:1 combination of their aqueous extracts synergistically inhibits key enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis. This study aims to determine the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, reduction in cholesterol levels, and SOD activity by the 1:1 combination of aqueous extracts of papaya and pulai leaves (400 mg/kg body weight/day) in the liver of rats induced with hypercholesterolemia. The research design involved 20 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into 4 groups (n=5): normal, hypercholesterolemic, lovastatin treatment, and combination extract treatment. Treatments were administered for 10 weeks. The results showed that lipid peroxide levels increased 3-fold due to hypercholesterolemia induction, accompanied by a 2.1-fold increase in cholesterol levels and a 23,9% decrease in SOD activity. The extract combination reduce cholesterol levels by 54,0%, with effectiveness comparable to lovastatin, and increased SOD activity by 14,6%. Lipid peroxidation was inhibited by 39,3% with the extract combination. The conclusion of this study is that lipid peroxidation in the liver of hypercholesterolemic rats was inhibited by the extract combination through cholesterol reduction and increased SOD activity.