Estimasi Nilai Kerugian Ekonomi dan Tingkat Resiliensi Masyarakat akibat Banjir Rob (Studi Kasus: Desa Pantai Mekar, Kabupaten Bekasi)

Abstract

Desa Pantai Mekar merupakan wilayah pesisir di Kabupaten Bekasi yang rentan terhadap banjir rob akibat dampak perubahan iklim, kenaikan permukaan air laut, penurunan muka tanah, dan degradasi mangrove. Fenomena ini menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi pada masyarakat dalam bentuk kerusakan bangunan rumah, peralatan rumah tangga, kendaraan, biaya pengobatan, serta hilang dan menurunnya pendapatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung nilai kerugian ekonomi masyarakat akibat banjir rob, menganalisis tingkat resiliensi masyarakat akibat banjir rob, dan menganalisis strategi alternatif dalam menanggulangi banjir rob. Metode yang digunakan terdiri atas pendekatan harga pasar, pendekatan modal manusia, metode perilaku pencegahan, analisis perubahan pendapatan, community resilience index, dan metode perbandingan eksponensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kerugian ekonomi masyarakat pada Desember 2024 mencapai Rp987.958.113,89 dengan tingkat resiliensi masyarakat akibat banjir rob yang masih tergolong rendah. Sebagai upaya menanggulangi banjir rob, terdapat strategi alternatif yang dinilai menjadi prioritas utama yaitu penanaman mangrove.

Pantai Mekar Village is a coastal area in Bekasi Regency that is highly vulnerable to tidal flooding due to the impacts of climate change, sea level rise, land subsidence, and mangrove degradation. This phenomenon has caused economic losses for the local community in the form of damage to residential buildings, household apliances, vehicles, medical expenses, as well as loss and decline in income. This study aims to estimate the economic losses suffered by the community due to tidal flooding, analyze the level of community resilience, and identify alternative strategies to address tidal flooding. The methods employed include the market-based approach, human capital approach, averting behavior method, income change analysis, community resilience index, and exponential comparison method. The results show that the total economic loss experienced by the community in December 2024 amounted to IDR987,958,113.89, with the level of community resilience still classified as low. As an effort to mitigate tidal flooding, there is an alternative strategy that is considered a top priority, namely is mangrove planting.