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      Desain dan Uji Kinerja Komposter Aerob Kovensional dan Modifikasi untuk Pengelolaan Limbah Makanan dan Pertanian

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Loppies, Rasendriya Arkananta Bhanu
      Febrita, Joana
      Arif, Chusnul
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      Abstract
      Pengelolaan limbah organik seperti sisa makanan dan jerami masih menjadi tantangan, terutama di wilayah pemukiman yang menghasilkan limbah dalam jumlah besar namun belum memiliki sistem pengelolaan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang serta menguji kinerja dua jenis komposter aerob, yaitu metode konvensional dan metode modifikasi dengan sistem aerasi pasif menggunakan pipa berlubang. Terdapat enam variasi bahan kompos berdasarkan perbandingan limbah makanan dan jerami, yang diuji selama delapan minggu dengan parameter utama meliputi suhu, tinggi, pH, kadar air, karbon organik, kadar nitrogen, dan rasio C/N. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variasi kompos memenuhi standar mutu kompos menurut SNI 7763:2024. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara metode konvensional dan modifikasi berdasarkan uji ANOVA untuk paaremeter rasio C/N dan pH kompos. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa variasi A2 dan A3 menjadi variasi terbaik karena mampu menghasilkan rasio C/N yang paling mendekati nilai baku mutu dan selama masa pengomposan juga sudah memenuhi baku mutu, serta pH dan kadar karbon serta kadar air juga sudah memenuhi baku mutu lebih cepat daripada variasi lainnya, sehingga kualitas komposnya lebih unggul dan membutuhkan waktu matang yang lebih cepat dibanding variasi lain.
       
      The management of organic waste, such as food scraps and straw, remains a challenge, particularly in residential areas that produce large amounts of waste but lack effective waste management systems. This study aims to design and evaluate the performance of two types of aerobic composters: a conventional method and a modified method using a passive aeration system with perforated pipes. Six compost material variations were tested based on different ratios of food waste to straw, and observed over an eight-week period using key parameters such as temperature, height, pH, moisture content, organic carbon, nitrogen content, and C/N ratio. The results showed that all compost variations met the compost quality standards according to SNI 7763:2024. No significant difference was found between the conventional and modified methods based on ANOVA test results for C/N ratio and pH. This study concludes that variation B6 is the most favorable, as it produced a C/N ratio closest to the standard value, met the quality standard criteria during the composting process, and reached acceptable pH and carbon levels more quickly than the other variations. Therefore, the compost quality of variation A2 and A3 is superior and reaches maturity in a shorter time compared to the other treatments.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164062
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      • UT - Civil and Environmental Engineering [1042]

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