Pertumbuhan Setek dan Produksi Benih Umbi G0 Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar IPB CP3 dan Atlantik di Dataran Menengah

Abstract

Kentang IPB CP3 merupakan kultivar kentang yang dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku industri kentang. Peningkatan produksi kentang dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas benih kentang serta perluasan area budidaya. Lahan di dataran menengah dapat menjadi alternatif untuk perluasan lahan budidaya kentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan setek dan produksi benih umbi G0 kultivar IPB CP3 dan Atlantik yang ditanam di rumah kasa di dataran menengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2022 sampai Februari 2023 di rumah kasa Bumi Kepanduan Sentul, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Satuan percobaan berupa bedengan berukuran 90 x 75 dengan ketebalan media tanam 20 cm. Setek pucuk kentang yang berumur dua minggu ditanam di bedengan yang berisi media tanam cocopeat. Pemanenan umbi kentang dilakukan pada saat tanaman berumur 90 hari setelah tanam (HST). Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah buku diamati pada minggu ke 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 setelah tanam. Jumlah dan bobot umbi, bobot basah dan bobot kering tanaman diamati setelah panen. Setek kentang IPB CP3 tumbuh lebih baik daripada kentang Atlantik berdasarkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Produksi kentang kultivar IPB CP3 lebih tinggi dibandingkan kentang Atlantik. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kultivar IPB CP3 dapat beradaptasi pada lingkungan dataran menengah.

The IPB CP3 potato cultivar was developed to meet industrial demands for raw potato materials. Enhancing potato production involves improving seed quality and quantity while expanding cultivation areas. Midland regions offer a viable prospective alternative for potato cultivation. This study evaluated the growth of cuttings and G0 tuber seed production of the IPB CP3 and Atlantik cultivar in a midland screen house. The research was conducted at Bumi Kepanduan Sentul, Bogor Regency, from November 2022 to February 2023. Planting beds measuring of 90 x 75 cm with 20 cm of thickness of cocopeat planting medium were used. Two-week-old potato shoot cuttings were planted, and tubers were harvested 90 days after planting. Plant height, number of leaves and nodes were observed at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting. Tuber number and weight, as well as fresh and dry weights biomass were observed at harvest time. Results showed potato cultivar IPB CP3 cuttings exhibited better growth based on plant height and number of leaves than Atlantik cultivar. IPB CP3 cultivar showed significantly higher tuber production than Atlantik cultivar. The results indicates that IPB CP3 cultivar is able to adapt better in midland environment than that of Atlantik cultivar.