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      Pengaruh Work-Family Conflict, Manajemen Keuangan, dan Gaya Hidup terhadap Kepuasan Hidup pada Dual-Earner Family

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Zefanya, Harita Julie
      Simanjuntak, Megawati
      Yuliati, Lilik Noor
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      Abstract
      Dual-earner family adalah keluarga dengan suami-istri bekerja di luar rumah dan melakukan pengasuhan anak secara bersama-sama demi memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Keadaan ini membuat keluarga menjadi rentan dengan adanya inter-role conflict antara pekerjaan dan keluarga. Selain itu, gaya hidup keluarga dan pengelolaan keuangan yang baik juga dapat menjadi aspek pendukung kepuasan hidup keluarga. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh work-family conflict, manajemen keuangan, dan gaya hidup terhadap kepuasan hidup dual-earner family di wilayah Jabodetabek. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional study dengan teknik purposive sampling menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program Microsoft Excel 209, IBM Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0, dan SMART-PLS 3. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli – Agustus 2024. Penelitian ini melibatkan 203 responden dengan 79 responden ASN dan 124 responden non-ASN. Jumlah responden terbanyak berada pada rentang usia 41-45 tahun, bertempat tinggal di DKI Jakarta, telah menyelesaikan jenjang S1 (sarjana) dengan pekerjaan terbanyak adalah non-ASN serta pendapatan perbulan terbanyak adalah =Rp10.000.000. Lalu, lebih dari setengah responden bekerja selama 7-8 jam dalam sehari dan tidak pernah membawa anak ke tempat bekerja. Jarak dari rumah ke tempat kerja dengan responden terbanyak adalah 6-15 kilometer. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa work-family conflict responden berada pada kategori rendah yang berarti sudah baik dalam mengatur keseimbangan kehidupan pekerjaan dan keluarga. Selanjutnya, analisis yang dilakukan terhadap manajemen keuangan responden berada pada kategori sedang yang berarti manajemen keuangan yang dilakukan responden sudah cukup baik namun masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi terutama dalam hal pengorganisasian keuangan. Lalu, analisis yang dilakukan terhadap gaya hidup responden menunjukkan bahwa intellectualism menjadi value yang paling banyak digunakan responden. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis terhadap kepuasan hidup responden berada pada kategori tinggi yang berarti responden sudah merasa puas dengan kehidupan dan kondisi keluarga saat ini. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada kepuasan hidup istri bekerja sebagai ASN dan non-ASN. Rata-rata work-family conflict dan gaya hidup lebih tinggi pada istri bekerja sebagai non-ASN. Lalu, rata-rata manajemen keuangan dan kepuasan hidup lebih tinggi pada istri bekerja sebagai ASN. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang terjadi antara karakteristik responden dengan work-family conflict, manajemen keuangan, gaya hidup, dan kepuasan hidup. Work-family conflict berhubungan negatif dengan usia, lama pernikahan, dan kegiatan menyiapkan makanan sebelum berangkat kerja. Artinya, semakin bertambahnya usia, lama pernikahan, dan jika istri menyiapkan makanan sebelum berangkat kerja, maka work-family conflict akan semakin menurun. Namun, jam kerja istri ditemukan berhubungan positif dengan adanya work-family conflict yang berarti semakin lama istri bekerja di luar rumah akan cenderung meningkatkan work-family conflict yang dialaminya. Lalu, gaya hidup ditemukan berhubungan positif dengan pendidikan terakhir, pendapatan istri, pendapatan keluarga, dan lama pernikahan. Artinya, semakin tinggi pendidikan istri, pendapatan istri dan keluarga, serta semakin lama usia pernikahan, maka akan meningkatkan gaya hidup istri bekerja. Namun, usia, jumlah anak, dan jumlah anak balita ditemukan berhubungan negatif dengan gaya hidup. Artinya, semakin bertambah usia dan jumlah anak yang dimiliki, maka gaya hidup yang digunakan cenderung akan lebih terbatas. Selanjutnya, manajemen keuangan dan kepuasan hidup ditemukan berhubungan positif dengan kegiatan menyiapkan makanan sebelum berangkat kerja. Hal ini berarti jika istri menyiapkan makanan sebelum berangkat kerja, maka manajemen keuangan dan kepuasan hidup menjadi lebih baik. Hasil analisis pengaruh dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa gaya hidup dan manajemen keuangan berpengaruh negatif terhadap work-family conflict. Artinya, semakin baik manajemen keuangan dan gaya hidup seseorang, maka semakin rendah work-family conflict seseorang. Lalu, gaya hidup ditemukan berpengaruh positif terhadap manajemen keuangan. Artinya, semakin baik gaya hidup seseorang, maka semakin baik pula manajemen keuangan yang dilakukannya. Selanjutnya, work-family conflict berpengaruh negatif terhadap kepuasan hidup. Artinya, semakin rendah work-family conflict, maka akan semakin baik pula kepuasan hidup seseorang. Terakhir, gaya hidup dan manajemen keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan hidup. Artinya, semakin baik manajemen keuangan dan semakin baik gaya hidup yang dilakukan seseorang, maka semakin tinggi kepuasan hidupnya. Gaya hidup ditemukan berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap kepuasan hidup melalui manajemen keuangan dan terhadap work-family conflict melalui manajemen keuangan.. Lalu, manajemen keuangan ditemukan berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap kepuasan hidup melalui work-family conflict.
       
      Dual-earner family is a family where husband and wife work outside the home and care for the children together to meet the family's needs. This situation makes the family vulnerable to inter-role conflict between work and family. Apart from that, family lifestyle and good financial management can also be supporting aspects of family life satisfaction. This research is important to see the effect of work-family conflict, financial management, and lifestyle on life satisfaction dual-earner families in the Jabodetabek area. The design of this research is cross-sectional study with technique purposive sampling using a questionnaire. The data processed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019, IBM Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0, and SMART-PLS 3. This study was conducted from July to August 2024. This research involved 203 respondents with 79 respondents are State Civil Apparatus and 124 respondents are other jobs beside civil servants. The largest number of respondents being in the 41-45 years age range, residing in DKI Jakarta, and having completed bachelor degree. Most respondents' jobs are non-ASN and the monthly income of the most respondents is more than IDR 10,000,000. Then, more than half of the respondents work 7-8 hours a day and never bring their children to work. The research results show that the analysis carried out on work-family conflict respondents are in the low category, which means they are good at managing work and family life balance. Furthermore, the analysis carried out on the respondent's financial management is in the medium category, which means that the financial management carried out by the respondent is quite good but still needs to be improved, especially in terms of financial organization. Then, analysis carried out on the respondents' lifestyles showed that intellectualism became the value most frequently used by respondents. Furthermore, the results of the analysis carried out on respondents' life satisfaction were in the high category, which means that respondents were satisfied with their current life and family conditions. The results of independent t-test show that there is a significant difference in the life satisfaction of wives working as state employee and non-state employee. Average work-family conflict and lifestyle is higher for wives working as non-state employee. Then, the average financial management and life satisfaction is higher for wives working as state employee. This research also shows that there is a correlation between the characteristics of respondents and work-family conflict, financial management, lifestyle, and life satisfaction. Work-family conflict negatively related to age, length of marriage, and the activity of preparing food before going to work. This means that as you get older, the length of your marriage, and if your wife prepares food before going to work, then work-family conflict will decrease further. However, wife's working hours were found to be positively related to presence of work-family conflict which means that the longer the wife works outside the home, the more it tends to increase work-family conflict. Then, lifestyle was found to be positively related to last education, wife's income, family income, and length of marriage. This means that the higher the wife's education, the wife's and family's income, and the longer the marriage period, the more the wife's working lifestyle will increase. However, age, number of children, and number of children under five were found to be negatively associated with lifestyle. This means that as you get older and the number of children you have, your lifestyle tends to be more limited. Furthermore, financial management and life satisfaction were found to be positively related to the activity of preparing food before going to work. This means that if the wife prepares food before going to work, financial management and life satisfaction will be better. The results of the influence analysis using SEM show that lifestyle and financial management have a negative effect on work-family conflict. This means that the better a person's financial management and lifestyle, the lower their work-family conflict. Then, lifestyle was found to have a positive effect on financial management. This means that the better a person's lifestyle, the better their financial management. Furthermore, work-family conflict had a negative effect on life satisfaction. This means that the lower the work-family conflict, the better a person's life satisfaction. Finally, lifestyle and financial management had a positive effect on life satisfaction. This means that the better the financial management and the better the lifestyle a person has, the higher their life satisfaction. Lifestyle was found to have an indirect effect on life satisfaction through financial management and on work-family conflict through financial management. Then, financial management was found to have an indirect effect on life satisfaction through work-family conflict.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/162555
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