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      Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Perbedaan Jarak Tanam dan Jumlah Rumpun

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Nurjanah, Janjan
      Ghulamahdi, Munif
      Hapsari, Dhika Prita
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      Abstract
      Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan bahan pangan utama di Indonesia. Hampir 90% dari seluruh penduduk Indonesia menjadikan beras sebagai makanan pokok. Salah satu faktor dari teknik budidaya yang berpengaruh terhadap besarnya tingkat produksi tanaman padi adalah penggunaan jarak tanam yang teratur. Disamping itu, jumlah rumpun dalam satu ruang tumbuh pun menjadi tolak ukur peningkatan produksi padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dan jumlah rumpun dalam satu ruang tumbuh terhadap efisiensi pemakaian air, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-April 2023 di Desa Kamal, Kecamatan Tanjungmedar, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi. Jarak tanam sebagai petak utama terdiri dari empat level yaitu 20 cm x 20 cm, 25 cm x 25 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, 35 cm x 35 cm dan jumlah rumpun sebagai anak petak yang terdiri dari empat level, yaitu 1 rumpun, 2 rumpun, 3 rumpun dan 4 rumpun. Analisis data untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari setiap perlakuan dilakukan dengan uji F. Jika hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan jarak tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, serta produksi padi. Perlakuan jumlah rumpun per ruang tumbuh memberikan pengaruh nyata pada jumlah anakan dan produksi padi tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Interaksi antara jarak tanam dan jumlah rumpun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada produksi padi.
       
      Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the primary staple food in Indonesia. Nearly 90% of the Indonesian population consumes rice as their main food source. One of the key cultivation techniques influencing rice production levels is the use of a systematic planting distance. Additionally, the number of clumps within a growing space is also a benchmark for increasing rice production. This study aimed to determine the effect of planting distance and clump density in a single growing space on water use efficiency, growth, and yield of rice. The research was conducted from January to April 2023 in Kamal Village, Tanjungmedar Subdistrict, Sumedang Regency, West Java. A Split-Plot was used in the study. Planting distance, as the main plot, consisted of four levels: 20 cm x 20 cm, 25 cm x 25 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, and 35 cm x 35 cm. The number of clumps, as the sub- plot, also had four levels: 1 clump, 2 clumps, 3 clumps, and 4 clumps per growing space. Data analysis to determine the effect of each treatment was performed using an F-test. If significant differences were observed, further analysis was conducted using the DMRT test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that planting distance significantly affected plant height growth, the number of tillers, and rice production. The number of clumps per growing space significantly influenced the number of tillers and rice production but did not significantly affect plant height. The interaction between planting distance and the number of clumps did not significantly impact rice production
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161719
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7621]

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