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      Validasi Marka Fenotipik Pigmentasi Antosianin menggunakan Marka Molekuler untuk Sifat Kemanisan pada beberapa Genotipe Jagung IPB

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Ikhwan, Fadli Khoirul
      Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
      Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
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      Abstract
      Jagung manis merupakan tanaman yang penting dalam perekonomian dan digunakan secara luas di dunia. Sifat kemanisan jagung dikendalikan oleh gen-gen resesif yang menghambat biosintesis pati, salah satunya adalah gen sh2 yang terpaut secara fisik dengan a1 yang menyandikan salah satu enzim kunci dalam biosintesis antosianin. Oleh karena itu, pigmentasi antosianin memungkinkan untuk dijadikan penanda alel sh2. Penelitian ini bertujuan memvalidasi marka fenotipik pigmentasi antosianin menggunakan marka molekuler terhadap sifat kemanisan pada jagung IPB dan menyeleksi karakter yang efisien untuk dijadikan penanda fenotipik dalam kegiatan seleksi jagung manis. Jagung manis kuning tidak menunjukkan pigmentasi antosianin, sedangkan jagung pipil setidaknya muncul pada salah satu karakter. Jagung manis kuning menghasilkan pola amplikon alel resesif sh2/a1, sedangkan jagung pipil menghasilkan pola amplikon alel dominan Sh2/A1. Pigmentasi antosianin menunjukkan kontrol monogenik dan dapat dijadikan penanda dalam menyeleksi genotipe jagung yang membawa alel resesif sh2. Pewarnaan antosianin pada daun pertama merupakan karakter yang ideal untuk dijadikan penanda fenotipik dalam menyeleksi genotipe jagung manis kuning yang membawa alel resesif sh2 karena konsistensinya dan dapat diamati di stadia pertumbuhan awal.
       
      Sweet corn is an economically important crop and is widely used throughout the world. Sweetness in corn is controlled by recessive genes that inhibit starch biosynthesis, one of which is the sh2 gene which is physically linked to a1 that encodes one of the key enzymes in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Thus, anthocyanin pigmentation can be used as a marker for the sh2 allele. This research aimed to validate phenotypic markers of anthocyanin pigmentation using molecular markers for sweetness traits in IPB corn and select efficient characters for sweet corn selection. Yellow sweet corn did not show anthocyanin pigmentation, while field corn showed anthocyanin pigmentation in at least one of the observed characters. Yellow sweet corn produces a sh2/a1 recessive allele amplicon pattern, while field corn produces a Sh2/A1 dominant allele pattern. Our results showed monogenic control of anthocyanin pigmentation and it can be used as a marker for selecting corn genotypes carrying the sh2 recessive allele. Due to its consistency and early observable, we proposed anthocyanin pigmentation on the first leaf as an ideal character to be used as a phenotypic marker for selecting yellow sweet corn genotypes carrying the recessive sh2 allele.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/159429
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7618]

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